Şeker Pancari Populasyonlarinda Erkisirlik Arastirmasi

Araştırmanın amacı, monogerm triploid hibrit şeker pancarı çeşidi ıslah etmek için erkısır ebeveynleri seçmektir. Erkısırlıktan yararlanılarak elde edilen monogerm triploid hibrit şeker pancarı çeşitleri (Beta vulgaris subspp saccarifera), dünyada geniş alanlarda ekilmektedir. Populasyonda, erkısır bitkilerin morfolojik olarak ayırt edilmesi oldukça kolay olduğu halde, O-Tip bitkilerin belirlenmesi için döl testi melezi yapmak gerekir. Araştırma, 1984-1996 yılları arasında, Şeker Enstitüsü’nün Ankara ve Adapazarı’ndaki tohum üretim tarlalarında yapılmıştır. 21 adet anisoploid populasyondan, kromozom sayımı ile, diploid ve tetraploid bitkiler seçilmiştir. Çiçeklenme döneminde, populasyonlara ait toplam 231.424 bitki, erkısırlık bakımından kontrol edilerek toplam 190 adet erkısır bitki tespit edilmiştir. Bu bitkilerden alınan tohumlar ekilmiş ve yetiştirilen fideler vernelizasyona tabi tutulduktan sonra sapa kaldırılmıştır. Bu bitkilerin dölleri arasında erkısırlık oranları belirlenmiştir. Erkısır bitki oranlarının populasyonlara göre % 3.17-18.84 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Aynı populasyondaki erkısırlık oranı ile O-Tip bitki oranı arasındaki korelasyonlara bağlı olarak yapılan hesaplamalarla, populasyonlarda döl testine tabi tutulması gereken bitki sayılarının 24-148 arasında değiştiği bulunmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Erkısırlık, Vernelizasyon, Döl Testi

Investigation of Male Sterility in Sugarbeet Populations

The main aim of this research was to select male sterile parents for breed triploid monogerm sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris subspp saccarifera) cultivars. Monogerm triploid hybrid sugarbeet cultivars that obtained using cytoplasmic male sterility have been grown over large areas throughout the world. Identification of male sterile plant is easy; however, O-type plants need progeny test for identification. The experiment was conducted in the fields of seed production of Sugar Institute in Adapazarı and Ankara during 1984-1996. Diploid and tetraploid plants were selected by using chromosome counts from 21 anisoploid populations. During the flowering season, 231.424 plants were examined for fertility, and 190 plants were identified as male sterile. The seeds obtained from these plants were used to grow seedlings which were bolted and checked for the extent of sterility after vernalization. Male sterile progeny ratios of these plants varied between 3.17 % and 18.84 % from population to population. A possitive and strong correlation was found between male sterile plant ratio and O-Type plant ratio within the same population. Based on this correlation, numbers of progeny test were calculated as between 24-148 for the populations.

Keywords:

Male Sterility, Vernalization, Progeny Test,

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