A. KHAR, R. D. BHUTANI, N. YADAV, V. K. CHOWDHURY

Soğanda (Allium cepa L.) Eksplant Tipi ve Genotipin Kallus Kültürü ve Regenerasyon Üzerine Etkileri

Bu çalışmada germplazm muhafazası, çoğaltma, hastalık ve zararlılardan ari üretim için geliştirilen in vitro tekniklerinin soğanda kullanım olanakları araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada geliştirilen bitki regenerasyon sistemi, dünyada yetiştirilen en önemli ürünler arasında yer almakta olan bu türün geliştirilmesinde araştırıcılara yardımcı olacaktır. Çalışmada 3 soğan genotipi (B-780, N-2-4-1 and Hisar-2) ve sürgün ucu, kök ucu ve tohum olmak üzere 3 farklı eksplantın direkt ve indirekt organogenesis üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. In vitro eksplant kaynağı olarak axenic fideler kullanılmıştır. Her üç eksplantta da maksimum kallus oluşumu için MS ortamına 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D eklenmesi uygulaması en iyi sonucu vermiştir. Denenen gentotipler arasında B-780, kallus oluşumu açısından en iyi genotip ve sürgün ucu ise en uygun eksplant tipi olarak belirlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Allium cepa, genotip, eksplant, kallus kültürü, regeneration

Effect of Explant and Genotype on Callus Culture and Regeneration in Onion (Allium cepa L.)

The present investigation explores the possibility of developing in vitro system which could have wider application such as germplasm conservation micropropagation, production of virus/disease free materials. Plant regeneration system evolved in this study may help researchers to improve these crops. Onion is one of the most important vegetable crop grown throughout the world. Three genotypes of onion viz., B-780, N-2-4-1 and Hisar-2 along with three explants i.e., shoot tip, root tip and seeds were used to study the effect of genotype and explant on indirect organogenesis in onion. In vitro grown axenic seedlings were used as the explant source. It was observed that on an overall basis MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 0.5mg/l was optimum for maximum callus formation in all the three explants studied. Among the genotypes tested, B-780 was found to be best genotype giving good response and in explants shoot tip was adjudged best on the basis of its callus formation ability.

Keywords:

Allium cepa, genotype, explant, callus culture, regeneration,

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Anonymous., 2002. National Horticultural Research and Development Foundation website. www.nhrdfindia.com.
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