‘Angeleno’ erik çeşidinde ethephon ve mepiquat chloride kimyasallarının geç çiçeklenme üzerine etkisi

Son yıllarda küresel ısınmanın etkileri, mevsimlere özgü iklimsel olayların daha belirgin ve tarımsal anlamda hasarın daha büyük olmasına sebep olacak şekilde kendini göstermeye başlamıştır. Başta sert çekirdekliler ve sert kabuklular olmak üzere, meyve yetiştiriciliğini kısıtlayan en önemli tehditlerden birisi olan ilkbahar geç donları, son yıllarda hem zarar düzeyini arttırmış hem de etki ettiği zaman aralığını genişletmiştir. Bu sebeple, meyve ağaçlarının soğuğa en hassas olduğu çiçeklenme dönemini, ilkbahar geç donları sonrası döneme taşımak son derece önemli hale gelmiştir. Çalışmada bu amaçla, ‘Angeleno’ erik çeşidine, şubat ayı sonunda, kök bölgesinden mepiquat chloride (75 ppm ve 150 ppm), mart ayı başında toprak üstü aksamına ise ethephon (2000 ppm ve 4000 ppm) ayrı ayrı ve birlikte uygulanarak etkileri incelenmiştir. Kimyasalların tek başına ve birlikte denenmesi ile hem çiçeklenme başlangıcında hem de tam çiçeklenmede, kontrole nazaran önemli görülecek düzeyde geç çiçeklenme kaydedilmiştir. Kimyasalların tek başına uygulandığı gruplarda 4-8 gün, kimyasalların birlikte uygulandığı gruplarda ise 8-11 gün çiçeklenmenin geciktiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ortaya konan sonuçların gelecek üretim sezonlarında ilkbahar geç donlarından kaynaklanan zararın minimuma indirilmesinde yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Don zararı, Fenoloji, İlkbahar geç donları, Prunus salicina

Effects of ethephon and mepiquat chloride on late blooming of ‘Angeleno’ plum

In recent years, the effects of global warming have began to show itself, in such a manner that climatic event that are specific to season, are more distinctive and cause bigger damage to agricultural events. The cultivation of fruit is restricted by late spring frost that is one of the most important threats to fruit cultivation. Late spring frost has increased the level of damage and has expanded the time interval to act, lately. Blooming period of fruit trees is the most sensitive term to cold damage, for this reason, it has become extremely important to move this period to the period after late spring frosts. For this purpose, in this study, mepiquat chloride was applied the root zone at the end of February, and ethephon was applied to aboveground parts of trees at the beginning of March, together and separately to ‘Angeleno’ plum cultivar, then the effects of these chemicals were investigated. Both the beginning of flowering and full bloom were recorded significantly late in comparison to the control group, after applications of chemicals together and separately. It was determined that full bloom was delayed 4-8 days at individual chemical applications, and delayed 8-11 days at interactions. The results of the study will help to minimize the damage caused from spring frosts in future production.

Keywords:

Frost damage, Phenology, Late spring frosts, Prunus salicina,

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