DİJİTAL KAMU DİPLOMASİSİ Mİ DİJİTAL GÖZETİM Mİ?

Dijital diplomasisi hem devletlerarası diplomasiyi hem de bir devlet ile yabancı kamuoyu grupları arasında ilişkiye denilen kamu diplomasisini içeren dijital iletişim tekniklerinin kullanımıdır. Bu bakımdan çoğunlukla “dijital diplomasi” tabiri ile kullanılan bu diplomasi biçimi bu çalışmada devletler ile yabancı kamuoyu ilişkisini ele aldığından “dijital kamu diplomasisi” kullanımıyla ayrıştırılmıştır. Dijital kamu diplomasisi uygulamaları 2000’li yıllar sonrası hızla hayatımıza girmiş ve bunun dönüm noktası sosyal medya uygulamaları olmuştur. Sosyal medya ile etkileşimin boyutu hızla artmış ve bu uygulamalar uluslararası ilişkilerin seyrini değiştirebilecek önemli araçlar haline gelmiştir. Bu platformlardan yabancı kamuoyunu ikna etme esasına dayalı olan dinleme, anlama, onlar ile etkileşim kurabilme boyutunun yanı sıra bu kitlelerden önemli verilerin elde edilmesi de dış politikada önemli bir güç kaynağı haline gelmiştir. Bu bakımdan dijital kamu diplomasisinde etkileşim odaklı yabancı kamuoyunu anlama, onların isteklerini, beklentilerini doğrudan kendilerinden dinleme fırsatı sunan bu dijital platformlar diğer yandan bu toplumlar hakkında önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Ancak ortaya çıkan gizlilik politikasına rağmen devletlerin bu verileri gizli elde etmeye yönelik meyilleri ile yabancı kamuoyu gruplarının istekleri dışında verilerine ulaşılabilme ortamının oluşması “dijital gözetim toplumu” ile “dijital kamu diplomasisi” kavramlarının kavram karmaşasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma bu kavramların içeriklerinin neler olduğunu ve uygulamada nasıl ele alınması gerekliliğini tespite yönelik bir nitel araştırmadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

dijital diplomasi, dijital kamu diplomasisi, dijital gözetim, gözetim toplumu

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