THE HAGUE CONVENTION ON THE CIVIL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL CHILD ABDUCTION: ITS PURPOSE, IMPLEMENTATION AND A BRIEF CASE LAW ANALYSIS

Çocuklarla ilgili uyuşmazlıklar, uluslararası alandaki en çetrefil sorunlardandır. Özellikle, uluslararası çocuk kaçırma, bu alandaki en karmaşık ve çözümlenmesi zor meselelerden biridir. Uluslararası Çocuk Kaçırmanın Hukuki Yönlerine Dair 25 Ekim 1980 tarihli Lahey Sözleşmesi, bu tür kaçırma vakalarının önlenmesi için tasarlanmış etkili bir mekanizma öngörmektedir. Sözleşmenin temel yaklaşımı, kanuna aykırı şekilde bir Taraf Devlete götürülen veya orada alıkonulan çocuğun derhal iadesini sağlamak ve esas itibariyle yasadışı götürme veya alıkoymadan önceki mevcut durumu yeniden tesis etmektir. Lahey Sözleşmesi, Sözleşmenin özel amacı doğrultusunda anlaşılması ve yorumlanması gereken özerk kavramlar benimsemiştir. Bu nedenle, Taraf Devletler arasında Lahey Sözleşmesi hükümlerinin yorumlanması noktasında büyük farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Bu açıdan, Sözleşmenin etkililiği, sözleşmeyi uygulayan ve yorumlayan Merkezi Makamların ve ulusal mahkemelerin elindedir. Bu otoriteler, yalnızca Sözleşmenin mevcut metnine dayanmamalı, aynı zamanda Sözleşmenin amaçlarını da göz önünde bulundurmalıdır.

Uluslararası Çocuk Kaçırmanın Hukuki Yönlerine Dair Lahey Sözleşmesi: Amacı, Uygulaması ve İçtihat Hukuku ile İlgili Kısa Bir Değerlendirme

Disputes about children are some of the hardest issues in the transnational context. Especially, the international child abduction is one of the most complex and problematic matter in this area. The Hague Convention of 25 October 1980 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction contains an effective mechanism designed to prevent such abductions. The basic approach of the Convention is to require the prompt return of a child wrongfully removed to or retained in any Contracting State and essentially to restore the status quo before the wrongful removal or retention occurred. The Hague Convention adopts autonomous concepts that are to be understood and interpreted with the particular purpose of the Convention. For this reason, there are wide dissimilarities in interpretation of the Hague Conventions provisions among the Contracting States. In this respect, the effectiveness of the Convention is left in the hands of the Central Authorities and the national courts that implement and interpret the Convention. These authorities must rely not only on the actual text of the Convention but also take the objectives of the Convention into account.

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