___

• Abramson LY ve ark. (1978) Learned helpnesness in human: Critique and formulation. J Abnormal Psychology, 87: 49-74
• Beck AT (1963) Thinking a depressıon. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 9: 324-333
• Beck AT (1967) Depression: Clinical, experimental and the theoritical aspects. New York, Hoeber Medical Division, Harper and Row
• Beck AT ve ark. (1974) The measurement of pessimism. The hopelessness scale. J Consult Clin Psychology, 42: 861-865
• Beck AT ve ark. (1975) Hopelessness and suicidal behavior: An overvievv. J Am Med Association, 243: 1146-1149
• Beck AT (1979) Cognitive therapy of depression: A treatment Manual. New York, Guilford Press
• Bibring E (1953) The mechanism of depression. İn Greenacre eds. Affective Disorders. New York International University Press
• Baumeister RF (1990) Suicide as escape from şelf. Psychological Revievv, 97: 90-113
• Cole DA (1988) Hopelessness, social desirability, depression and parasuicide in two college samples j Consult Clin Psychology, 56: 131-136
• Costin F, Draguns JG (1989) Abnormal Psychology. Patterns, issues, interventions, New York, John VVİley and Sons Inc.
• Dyer JAT, Kreitman N (1984) Hopelessness, depression and suicidal ıntent in parasuicide. Br J Psychiatry, 144: 127-133
• Fenichel O (1945) The psycoanalytic theory of neurosis. (Çev. Tuncer S 1975) izmir, Ege Üniversitesi Matbaası
• Freud S (1957) Mouming and melancholia. İn Starchey, J. eds. The standart edition of the complete psychological vvorks of Sigmound Freud, Vol 12, London Hogarth Press
• Gerber K ve ark. (1981) Indirect self-destructive behavior in chronic hemodialysis patients. İn Baumeister, R.F. (1990) Suicide as escape from şelf. Psychological Revievv, 97: 90-113
• Kaplan Hl, Sadock BJ (1985) Modern Synopsis of Compherensive textbook of Psychiatry. 4 th. ed., Baltimore, VVilIiams and VVİlkins
• Melges FT (1969) Types of hopelessness in psychological process. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 20: 690-699
• Minkoff K ve ark. (1973) Hopelessness, depression and attempted suicide. Am J Psychiatry, 130: 455-459
• Öztürk MO (1985) Psikoanaliz ve psikoterapi. Ankara, Sevinç Matbaası
• Pokorny AD ve ark. (1975) Hopelessness and attempted suicide: A reconsideration. Am J Psychiatry, 132: 954-956
• Raineri WF ve ark. (1987) Relationship of depression, hopelessness and dysfunctional attitudes to suicidal ideation in psychiatric patients. Psychological Reports, 61: 967-975
• Rideout E, Montemuro M (1986) Hope, morale and adaptation in patient with chronic heart failure. j Adv Nursing, 11:429-438
• Velioğlu S, Peker G (1989) Depresyonların psikopatolojisi ile ego kavramının irdelenmesi. İn Adam, E. eds. Depresif Hastalıklar. İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Ana Bilim Dalı Mezuniyet sonrası Eğitim Çalışmaları, İstanbul
• VVeissman MM (1974) The epidemiology of suicide attempts. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 30: 737-746
• VVetzel RD (1976) Hopelessness, depression and suicide. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 33:1069-1073