Geçerli ve Güvenilir Türkçe Aşı Karşıtlığı Ölçeği Geliştirilmesi

Amaç Aşı karşıtlığı son yıllarda artarak kötü sağlık sonuçlarına neden olmaktadır. Literatürde aşı karşıtlığı ölçekleri bulunsa da bunlar Türkiye için uygun olmamakla birlikte kısıtlılıkları bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe aşı karşıtlığı ölçeğini geliştirmektir. Yöntem: İki farklı kesitsel çalışma yürütüldü. Hastane ve çevresindeki katılımcılara ulaşmak için amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanıldı. Çalışma 1: Açıklayıcı faktör analizi, %61,3'ü kadın ve ortalama yaşı 33,3 yıl olan 315 katılımcıyı içermektedir. Otuz altı maddeli taslak ölçek yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Çalışma 2: Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, uzun form için 214 katılımcı ve kısa form için 200 katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Kısa form katılımcılarının %62,0'ı kadındı ve ortalama yaş 33,9 idi. Uzun form katılımcılarının %65,4'ü kadındı ve ortalama yaş 34,5 idi. Her iki formun uyum iyiliği indeksleri literatürle karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Yüksek açıklayıcılıkları nedeniyle 4 faktörde 21 maddeden oluşan uzun form ve 3 faktörde 12 maddeden oluşan kısa form seçilmiştir. Uzun formun ve kısa formun açıkladığı varyans sırasıyla %57,4 ve %65,3 idi. Uzun form ve kısa form için Cronbach Alpha değerleri sırasıyla 0,905 ve 0,855 idi. Sonuç: Sosyokültürel yapıdaki farklılıkların büyük etkisi olduğu için aşı karşıtlığını yerel düzeylerde anlamak önemlidir. Bu çalışmada literatürde ilk kez, geçerli ve güvenilir olarak iki farklı Türkçe aşı karşıtlığı ölçeği geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

aşı reddi, aşı karşıtlığı hareketi, güvenilirlilik ve geçerlilik, ölçek, Türkiye

Development of Valid and Reliable Scale of Vaccine Hesitancy in Turkish Language

Objective Anti-vaccine movement has been increasing in recent years, leading to poor health outcomes. There are some scales to measure the vaccine hesitancy but most of them have limitation and may not be proper for Turkey. The aim of this study is to develop a Turkish scale of vaccine hesitancy. Method: Two cross sectional studies were conducted. Purposive sampling method was used to reach participants in hospital and its surroundings. Study1: Explanatory factor analysis involved 315 participants, whose 61.3% were female mean age was 33.3 years. The draft scale with 36 items were applied face to face. Study 2: Confirmatory factor analysis involved 214 participants for the long form and 200 for short form. Of the participants, 62.0% was female and the mean age was 33.9 for short form. Of the participants, 65.4% was female and the mean age was 34.5 for the long form. Goodness of fit indexes of both forms were compared with literature. Results: The long form with 21 items in 4 factors and the short form with 12 items in 3 factors were selected as they best explained the data. Explained variance by long form and short form were 57.4%and 65.3% respectively. Cronbach Alpha values for long form and short form were 0.905 and 0.855 respectively. Conclusion: It is important to understand vaccine hesitancy at local levels because differences in sociocultural structure have major effect. In this study, two forms of reliable vaccine hesitancy scale were presented in Turkish as first in literature.

Keywords:

Vaccine refusal, antivaccination movement, reliability and validity, scale, Turkey,

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ISSN: 1309-3878
Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
Başlangıç: 2009
Yayıncı: Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği AD adına Yrd.Doç.Dr.Cemil Işık Sönmez