Afyonkarahisar’da Kedilerde Feline Panleukopenia Virusunun Serolojik Olarak Araştırılması

Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPLV) enfeksiyonu kedilerin dünya çapında yaygınlığı olan en önemli viral enfeksiyonlarından biridir. Varlığı birçok evcil ve vahşi karnivor türünde bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Afyonkararahisar ilinde 5 farklı noktadan, yaşları 3 ay ile 6 yaş arasında değişen klinik olarak sağlıklı toplam 151 sokak kedisinden kan örnekleri toplandı. Elde edilen örnekler indirekt FPLV ELISA test kiti kullanılarak kontrol edildi ve 24 örneğin (%15.9) antikor pozitif olduğu tespit edildi. Örnekleme yapılan ilçelerden İhsaniye ve Sandıklı’dan elde edilen tüm örnekler negatif idi ve Bolvadin ve İscehisar’dan toplanan örneklerde ise sırasıyla %27.7 (5/18) ve %16.6 (1/6) oranlarında pozitiflik belirlendi. Örneklerin büyük çoğunluğu il merkezinden sağlanmış olup, 115 kedinin 18’inin (%15.6) FPLV spesifik antikor pozitif olduğu görülmüştür. Enfeksiyonun varlığı uzun süredir bilinmesine rağmen, Türkiye’deki ilk serolojik bildirim bu çalışma ile ortaya konulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

ELISA, Kedi, Parvovirus

A serological investigation for Feline Panleukopenia Virus in Cats in Afyonkarahisar

Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPLV) infection was one of the most important viral infections of cats with worldwide dissemination. It’s presence was reported in many domestic and wild carnivor species. In this study, blood samples were collected from 151 clinically healthy stray cats in the aged among 3 months and 6 years old from five diffrent localisation at the Afyonkarahisar province, Turkey. The obtained samples were controlled using indirect FPLV ELISA test kit and 24 (15.9%) samples were found to be antibody positive. Of the sampling performed district, all of the samples collected from İhsaniye and Sandıklı were detected as negative and 27.7% (5/18) and 16.6% (1/6) values were found to be in Bolvadin and İscehisar, respectively. The most of the samples was obtained from center of the province, out of 115 cats, 18 (15.6%) were determined as positive for FPLV specific antibody. Even though presence of FPV infection has been known for a long time, this is the first serological report in Turkey.

___

  • Alexander KA, Kat PW, Wayne RK, Fuller TK. Serological survey of selected canine pathogens among free-ranging jackals in Kenya. J Wildl Dis. 1994; 30:486-491.
  • Appel MJG, Scott FW, Carmichael LE. Isolation and immunisation studies of a canine parvo-like virus from dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis. Vet Rec. 1979; 105:156-159.
  • Barker IK, Povey RC, Voigt DR. Response of mink, skunk, red fox and raccoon to inoculation with mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus and prevalence of antibody to parvovirus in wild carnivores in Ontario. Can J Comp Med. 1983; 47(2):188-197.
  • Bester MN, Skinner JD. The Marion Island cat programme. S Afr J Antarct Res. 1991; 20:1–4.
  • Blanco KL, Prendas J, Cortes R, Jimenez C, Dolz G. Seroprevalence of viral infections in domestic cats in Costa Rice. J Vet Med Sci. 2009; 71(5):661-663.
  • Carmichael LE. An annotated historical account of canine parvovirus. J Vet Med B, Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2005; 52(7-8):303-311.
  • Chalmers WSK, Truyen U, Greenwood NM, Baxendale W. Efficacy of feline panleukopenia vaccine to prevent infection with and isolate of CPV2b obtained from a cat. Vet Microbiol. 1999; 69:41-45.
  • Chang SF, Sgro JY, Parrish CR. Multiple amino acids in the capsid structure of canine parvovirus coordinately determine the canine host range and specific antigenic and hemagglutination properties. J Virol. 1992; 66(12):6858-7567.
  • Clegg SR, Coyne KP, Dawson S, Spibey N, Gaskell RM, Radford AD. Canine Parvovirus in asymptomatic feline carriers. Vet Microbiol. 2012; 157:78-85.
  • Davidson WR, Appel MJ, Doster GL, Baker OE, Brown JF. Diseases and parasites of red foxes, gray foxes and coyotes from commercial sources selling to fox-chasing enclosures. J Wildl Dis. 1992; 28:581-589.
  • Decaro N, Buonavoglia D, Desario C, Amorisco F, Colaianni ML, Parisi A, Terio V, Elia G, Lucente MS, Cavalli A, Martella V, Buonavoglia C. Characterisation of canine parvovirus strains isolated from cats with feline panleukopenia. Res Vet Sci. 2010; 89(2):275-278.
  • Gore TC, Lakshmanan N, Williams JR, Jirjis FF, Chester ST, Duncan KL, Coyne MJ, Lum MA, Sterner FJ. Three-year duration of immunity in cats following vaccination against feline rhinotacheitis virus, feline calicivirus, and feline panleukopenia virus. Vet Ther. 2006; 7(3):213-222.
  • Goyal SM, Mech LD, Rademacher RA, Khan MA, Seal US. Antibodies against canine parvovirus in wolves of Minnesota: a serological study from 1975 through 1985. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986; 189:1092-1094.
  • Hoffmann A, Schönborn E, Mergel A, Cußler K. Pharmakovigilanzreport Tierimpfstoffe: Analyse der im Jahr 2008 und 2009 im Paul-Ehrlich-Institut eingegangenen Meldungen. DTBl. 2010; 6:766-775.
  • Howell PG. An evaluation of the biological control of the feral cat Felis Catus (Linnaeus, 1758). Acta Zool Fenn. 1984; 172:111-113.
  • Ikeda Y, Mochizuki M, Naito R, Nakamura K, Miyazawa T, Mikami T, Takahashi E. Predominance of canine parvovirus (CPV) in unvaccinated cat populations and emergence of new antigenic types of CPVs in cats. Virology 2000; 278(1):13-19.
  • Ikeda Y, Nakamura K, Miyazawa T, Tohya Y, Takahashi E, Mochizuki M. Feline Host Range of Canine Parvovirus: Recent emergence of New antigenic types in cats. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002; 8(4):341-346.
  • Jakel V, Cussler K, Hanschmann KM, Truyen U, König M, Kamphuis E, Duchow K. Vaccination against Feline Panleukopenia: Implications from a field study in kitten. BMC Vet Res. 2012; 8:62.
  • Johnson RH. Isolation of a virus from a condition stimulating feline panleucopaenia in a leopard. Vet Rec. 1964; 76:1008-1012.
  • Koptopoulos G, Papadopoulos O, Papnastastasopoulo M, Cornwell HJC. Presence of antibodies cross-reacting with canine parvovirus in the sera of dogs from Greece. Vet Rec. 1986; 118(12):332-333.
  • Legeay Y. Le point sur les maladies infectieuses felines. ENV Nantes. J Nantaises Pathol Feline 1988, 1-14.
  • Lickey ALA, Kennedy M, Patton S, Ramsay EC. Serologic survey of domestic felids in the Peten region of Guatemala. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2005; 36:121-123.
  • Lieberg O, Sandell M, Pontier D, Natoli E. Density, spatial organisation and reproductive tactics in the domestic cat and other felids. In The domestic cat: the biology of its behaviour, (2nd edn (ed. Turner, D.C., Bateson, P.), pp 119-147,
  • Cambride University Pres, 2000. Macpherson LW. Feline enteritis virus- its transmission to mink under natural and experimental conditions. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1956; 20(6):197-202.
  • Martyn JC, Davidson BE, Studdert MJ. Nucleotide sequence of feline panleukopenia virus: comparision wih canine parvovirus identifies host-specific differences. J Gen Virol. 1990; 71:2747-2753.
  • Mochizuki M, Horiuchi M, Hiragi H, San Gabriel MC, Yasuda N, Uno T. Isolation of caine parvovirus from a cat manifesting clinical signs of feline panleukopenia. J Clin Microbiol. 1996; 34(9):2101-2105.
  • Muz D, Oguzoglu TC, Timurkan MO, Akın H. Characterisation of the partial VP2 gene region of canine parvoviruses in domestic cats from Turkey. Virus Genes 2012; 44:301-308.
  • Nakamura K, Ikeda Y, Miyazawa T, Nguyen NT, Duong DD, Le KH, Vo SD, Phan LV, Mikami T, Takahashi E. Comparision of prevalance of feline herpesvirus type 1, calicivirus and parvovirus infections in domestic and leopard cats in Vietnam. J Vet Med Sci. 1999; 61(12):1313-1315.
  • Nakamura K, Ikeda Y, Miyazawa T, Tohya Y, Takahashi E, Mochizuki M. Characterisation of cross-reactivity of virus neutralising antibodies induced by feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvoviruses. Res Vet Sci. 2001; 71(3):219-222.
  • Parrish CR. Mapping specific functions in the capsid structure of canine parvovirus and feline panleukopenia virus using infectious plasmid clones. Virology 1991; 183(1):195-205.
  • Pontier, D. Analyse des traits d’histoire de vie chez les mammiferes. In: Memoire d’habilitation a diriger les recherches. France: Universite Lyon I, 1993.
  • Reif JS. Seasonality, natality and herd immunity in feline panleukopenia. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1976; 103:81-87.
  • Scott FW, Csiza CK, Gillespie JH. Maternally derived immunity to feline panleukopenia. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1970; 156(4):439–453.
  • Scott FW, Geissinger C. Duration of immunity in cats vaccinated with an inactivated feline panleucopenia, herpesvirus and calicivirus vaccine. Feline Pract. 1997; 25:12-19.
  • Steinel A, Munson L, Van Vuuren M, Truyen U. Genetic characterization of feline parvovirus sequences from various carnivores. Gen Virol. 2000; 81:345-350.
  • Steinel A, Parrish CR, Bloom ME, Truyen U. Parvovirus infections in wild carnivores. J Wildl Dis. 2001; 37(3):594-607.
  • Studdert MJ, Kelly CM, Harrigan KE. Isolation of panleukopenia virus from lions. Vet Rec. 1973; 93:156-159.
  • Truyen U, Geissler K, Parrish CR, Hermanns W, Siegl G. No evidence for a role of modified live virus vaccines in the emergence of canine parvovirus. J Gen Virol. 1998; 79:1153-1158.
  • Truyen U, Parrish CR. Canine and feline host ranges of canine parvovirus ans feline panleukopenia virus. Distinct host cell tropisms of each virus in vitro and in vivo. J Virol. 1992; 66:5399-5408.
  • Truyen U. Emergence and recent avolution of canine parvovirus. Vet Microbiol. 1999; 69:204-208.
  • Truyen U. Evolution of canine parvovirus. A need for new vaccines? Vet Microbiol. 2006; 117(1):9-13.
  • Van Rensburg PJJ, Skinner JD, Van Aarde RJ. Effects of feline panleukopenia on the population characteristics of feral cats on Marion Island. J Appl Ecol. 1987; 24:63-73.
  • Veijaleinen P. A serological survey of enteric parvovirus infections in Finnish fur-bearing animals. Acta Vet Scand. 1986; 27:159-171.
  • Verge J, Christofoni N. La gastroenterite infectieuse des chats; est-elle due a un virus filtrable? Comptes Rendus des Sciences del Societe de Biologic et de ses filiales. 1928; 99:312.
  • Waller EF. Infectious gastroenteritis in racoons (Procyon lotor). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1940; 96:266-268.