Adil DOĞAN, Veysel BURULDAY, Murat ALPUA

İDİYOPATİK PARKİNSON HASTALARINDA OLFAKTÖR BULBUS VOLÜM VE OLFAKTÖR SULKUS DERİNLİĞİNİN MANYETİK REZONANS GÖRÜNTÜLEME İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Amaç: Bu çalışmada idiopatik Parkinson hastalığı (İPH) olan bireylerde, olfaktör bulbus (OB) hacimleri ve olfaktör sulkus (OS) derinliğini incelemek amaçlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma retrospektif bir olgu kontrol çalışması olarak dizayn edildi. Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) incelemeleri, standart bir kafa koili kullanılarak, 1.5-tesla MRG sistemi (Philips MRI Systems, Achieva Release 3.2 Level 2013-10-21, Philips Medical) ile yapıldı. OB hacim hesaplamaları ve OS derinlik ölçümü için yağ baskılı T2A koronal kesitler kullanıldı ve İPH grubundaki hastaların verileri sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 69.07±10.48 yıl olan 39 İPH hastası ile yaş ortalaması 69.57±10.12 yıl olan 40 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edildi. İPH hasta grubu ile kontrol grubu karşılaştırıldığında sağ (30.12±6.49, 39.13±6.55) ve sol (32.57±8.08, 38.17±4.96) OB hacimleri ile sağ (6.91±0.9, 7.39±0.65) ve sol (6.82±0.7, 7.38±0.58) OS derinliklerinin hasta grupta kontrollere göre belirgin olarak azaldığı görüldü. Sonuç: İPH hastalarında, OB hacimleri ve OS derinliklerinin sağlıklı kontroller göre belirgin olarak azaldığı ve bu durumun hastaların tedavi ve yaşam kalitelerinin yönetimi açısından önem taşıdığı sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Parkinson hastalığı, olfaktör bulbus, manyetik rezonans görüntüleme, olfaktör sulkus, olfaktör sulkus

Evaluation of Olfactor Bulbus Volume and Olfactor Sulcus Depth MRG in Idiopathic Parkinson Disease

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the olfactory bulb (OB) volumes and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth in patients with the idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD).Material and Method: This study was designed as a case-control and retrospective study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were performed witha 1.5 tesla MRI machine (Philips MRI Systems, Achieva Release 3.2 Level 2013-10-21, Philips Medical) with a standard head coil. Fat suppressed T2W coronal images were used for measuring OB volumes and OS depths. The data of the IPD patients were compared to the healthy controls.Results: The study comprised 39 IPD patients with the mean age of 69.07±10.48 years and 40 healthy controls with the mean age of 69.57±10.12 years. Right (30.12±6.49 vs. 39.13±6.55) and left (32.57±8.08 vs. 38.17±4.96) OB volumes and right (6.91±0.9 vs. 7.39±0.65) and left (6.82±0.7 vs. 7.38±0.58) OS depths were significantly lower in the IPD group than in the control group. Conclusion: Decreased OB volumes and OS depths have been shown in patients with IPD whereby this situation is important for the management of treatment and quality of health in these patients.

Keywords:

Parkinson disease, olfactory bulb, magnetic resonance imaging, olfactory sulcus depth,

PDF

___

1. Lees AJ, Hardy J, Revesz T. Parkinson's disease. Lancet, 2009;373(9680):2055-66.
2. Mueller A, Mungersdorf M, Reichmann H, Strehle G, Hummel T. Olfactory function in Parkinsonian syndromes. J Clin Neurosci. 2002;9(5):521-4.
3. Barz S, Hummel T, Pauli E, Majer M, Lang CJ, Kobal G. Chemosensory event-related potentials in response to trigeminal and olfactory stimulation in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Neurology. 1997;49(5):1424-31.
4. Hawkes CH, Shephard BC. Olfactory evoked responses and identification tests in neurological disease. Ann NY Acad Sci.1998;855:608-15.
5. Martines-Marcos A. On the organization of olfactory and vomero nasal cortices. Prog Neurobiol. 2009;87(1):21-30.
6. Buschhüter D, Smitka M, Puschmann S, Gerber JC, Witt M, Abolmaali ND et al. Correlation between olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function. NeuroImage. 2008;42(2):498-502.
7. Huart C, Meusel T, Gerber J, Duprez T, Rombaux P, Hummel T. The depth of the olfactory sulcus is an indicator of congential anosmia. Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32(10):1911-4.
8. Duprez TP, Rombaux P. Imaging the olfactory tract. Eur J Radiol. 2010;74(2):288-98.
9. Mueller A, Abolmaali ND, Hakimi AR, GloecklerT, Herting B, Reichmann H et al. Olfactory bulb volumes in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease-a pilot study. J Neural Transm. 2005;112(10):1363-70.
10. Hawkes CH, Shephard BC, Daniel SE. Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1997;62(5):436-46.
11. Wang J, You h, Liu JF, Ni DF, Zhang ZX, Guan J. Association of olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth with olfactory function in patients with Parkinson disease. Am J Neuroradiol. 2011;32(4):677-81.
12. Altmann J. Autoradiographic and histological studies of postnatal neurogenesis. IV. cell proliferation and migration in the anterior forebrain, with special reference to persisting neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol. 1969;137(4):433-57.
13. Graziadei PPC, Graziadei GM. Neurogenesis and neuronregeneration in the olfactory system of mammals. III. Deafferentation and reinnervation of the olfactory bulb following section of the fila olfactoria in rat. J Neurocytol. 1980;9(2):145-62.
14. Rui K, Zhang Z, Tian J, Lin X, Wang X, Ma J et al. Olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stemcells possess immunoregulatory function and suppress autoimmune arthritis. Cell Mol Immunol. 2016;13(3):401-8.
15. Altinayar S, Oner S, Can S, Kizilay A, Kamisli S, Sarac K. Olfactory disfunction and its relation olfactor bulbus volume in Parkinson's disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014;18(23):3659-64.
16. Tanik N, Serin HI, Celikbilek A, Inan LE, Gundogdu, F. Associations of olfactory bulb and depth of olfactory sulcus with basal ganglia and hippocampus in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience letters. 2016;620:111-4.
17. Tandberg E, Larsen JP, Aarsland D, Laake K, Cummings JL. Risk factors for depression in Parkinson disease. Arch Neurol. 1997;54(5):625-30.
18. Negoias S, Hummel T, Symmank A, Schellong J, Joraschky P, Croy I. Olfactory bulb volume predicts therapeutic outcome in major depression disorder. Brain Imaging Behav. 2016;10(2):367-72.
19. Huisman E, Uylings H, Hoogland PV. A 100% increase of dopaminergic cells in the olfactory bulb may explain hyposmia in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2004;19(6):687-92.