Haçlı korsanlar: Saint Jean Şövalyeleri ve Akdeniz'’de haydutluk

Özellikle Saint Jean Tarikatı’nın kontrolünde olduğu dönemde (1530-1798), Malta Adası ticaret gemilerini yağmalayan Akdeniz korsanlarının en önemli barınaklarından biri ve korsanlıktan elde edilen ganimetlerin pazarlandığı en önemli noktadır. Dini bir savaş sürdürmekte olan Saint Jean Tarikatı, Müslüman tüccarları veya onlarla ticari ilişkisi olan diğerlerini hedef almıştır. Saldırılara hedef olan tüccarların uyruğunda bulunduğu devletler, Saint Jean Tarikatı’nın politik ve ekonomik yapısının zayıf noktalarından faydalanarak kendilerini korumaya çalışmışlardır. Ele geçirilen ganimetlerin zenginliği ve karşı tarafa verilen zararla orantılı olan zaferin büyüklüğü ‘düşmanın’ gücüyle doğru orantılı olduğu için, Osmanlı ?mparatorluğu’nun zayıflamasıyla birlikte Saint Jean Tarikatı da varoluş sebebi ve dolayısıyla topraklarını kaybederek bir hayır kuruluşu konumuna indirgenmiştir.

Piracy in the Mediterranean: The Order of Saint John and its Corsairs.

Especially during the period it was occupied by the Order of Saint John (1530- 1798), the Central Mediterranean Island of Malta functioned as a base through which privateers launched attacks on merchant shipping. Fighting a religious war, the Knights of Saint John targeted Muslim merchants as well as others that traded through Muslim lands.Unable to tolerate these practices, Christian merchant states fought back using the weak points in the economic and political structure of the Order of Saint John. Value of captured prizes as well as the glory that came with the damage inflicted upon the ‘enemy’ largely depended on the economic strength and military power of the Ottoman Empire. Having tied its raison d’être to its opponent, the Order of Saint John vanished as a sovereign state when the ‘enemy’ weakened and ceased to be a perceived danger for Europe.

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Arşiv belgeleri için kullanılan kısaltmalar

AOM: Saint Jean Tarikatı Arşivleri

NLM: Malta Milli Kütüphanesi

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