Uluslararası Öğrencilerin Kültürlenme Süreci ve Üniversiteye Uyumları: Türkiye İçin Öneriler

Son yıllarda, uluslararası öğrencilerin sayıları dünya çapında giderek artmaktadır, bu sebeple de uluslararası öğrencilerin kültürlenme süreçleri ve üniversiteye uyumları konusunda yaşadıkları sıkıntıların anlaşılması önemlidir. Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin uluslararası öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyum gereksinimlerine yönelik yaklaşımları farklı olabilir. Ancak ülkelerin kalkınma durumuna bakılmaksızın, üniversitelerin uluslararası öğrencileri kabul ettikleri göz önüne alındığında, üniversiteye kabul edilen bu öğrencilere gerekli desteği sağlamak için uyum konusunda yaşanan sıkıntıların daha iyi anlaşılması gerekmektedir. Bu ihtiyaca dikkat çekmek ve ihtiyacı gidermek üzere öneriler sunmak için yazılmış bu derlemenin ilk amacı kültürlenme kavramını açıklayarak uluslararası öğrencilerin üniversiteye uyumları ile kültürlenme süreçlerinin arasındaki ilişkiyi vurgulamaktır. İkinci amacı ise, Türkiye'deki uluslararası öğrencilerle yapılan çalışmaları inceleyerek durum değerlendirmesi yapmak ve bazı çelişkili bulguları tartışmaktır. Son olarak da Türkiye'deki uluslararası öğrencilerin uyum ihtiyaçları ve gelişmiş ülkelerdeki üniversitelerin uluslararası öğrencilerine sağladığı destekler göz önünde bulundurularak, Türkiye’deki üniversite politika yapıcılarına, akademisyenlere, akademik danışmanlara ve uluslararası öğrencilerle doğrudan çalışan psikolojik danışmanlar gibi üniversite personeline yönelik uygulanabilir pratik öneriler sunmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kültürlenme, Uluslararası öğrenci, Üniversiteye uyum, Oryantasyon, Uyum

International Students' Acculturation and Adjustment to College: Suggestions for Turkey

The international student population is increasing gradually around the world as a result, international students require more attention in terms of their adjustment needs and acculturation experiences. Developed and developing countries' approaches to addressing international student adjustment needs can be different, yet regardless of the country's development status, colleges accept international students. Therefore, a greater understanding of acculturation and adjustment to college issues of international students is needed to provide optimal support for these students. To address this need, the first purpose of this article is determined as providing an overview of the concept of acculturation and its relation to international student college adjustment issues. Second, studies conducted with international students in Turkey reviewed and some conflicted findings were discussed. Third, considering the adjustment needs of international students in Turkey, practical suggestions presented for university policymakers, academics, advisors, as well as college employees working with international students such as counselors from university counseling centers.

Keywords:

Acculturation, Adjustment to college, International student, Orientation, Adjustment,

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