TUBA BÜLBÜL, ZEHRA BOZKURT, ELMAS ULUTAŞ, OKTAY YILMAZ, AZİZ BÜLBÜL

The effect of L-Arginine on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters and duodenal motility in broilers

Bu araştırma 0-10., 11-28. ve 29-42. günler arasında broylerlerde L-arjinin (L-Arj)nin rasyonlara katılmasının büyüme performansı, bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ve duodenal motilite üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada toplam 500 adet, bir günlük yaşta, karışık cinsiyette Ross 308 broyler civciv: Arj yetersiz grup ve dört deneme grubu olmak üzere beş gruba ayrılmıştır. Her bir grup da 20şer civcivden oluşan 5 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Arjinince yetersiz grup tüm deneme boyunca üretici tarafından önerilen optimum Arj gereksiniminin %10undan düşük L-Arj içeren temel rasyon ile beslenmiştir. Deneme grupları ise, temel rasyona %10 progresif artan düzeylerde L-Arj ilave edilen rasyonlarla beslenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda ihtiyacın %110 düzeyinde Arj bulunan diyetle beslenen grupta 11-28 ve 0-42. (P

L-Arjininin broylerlerde büyüme performansı, bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ve duodenal motilite üzerine etkisi

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diet supplemented with L-arginine (L-Arg)on growth performance, some serum biochemical parameters and duodenal motility of broilers during three time periods: 0 to 10, 11 to 28 and 29 to 42 days old. A total of 500, mixed sex, one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were divided into five groups as follows: Arg deficient group and four experimental groups. Each group was then divided into five subgroups of 20 chicks each. Arg deficient group for all time periods was fed by basal diet which contained 10% less L-Arg than optimum Arg requirement recommended by the breeder. Experimental groups were fed by basal diet supplemented with L-Arg which was progressively 10% increased in groups. The highest body weight gain (BWG) was observed on days 11-28 and 0-42 in experimental group fed by basal diet supplemented with 110% L-Arg, whereas the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was determined on days 29-42 and 0-42 in the same experimental group. Feed intake did not change in all three periods, while serum urea nitrogen level in the experimental group in which diet supplemented with 10% L-Arg, was lower than other groups on day 0-10. On contractility studies, it was observed that L-Arg inhibited the amplitude of contractions in duodenum in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. These results suggest that the basal diet formulated with 90-130% Arg is not effective on growth performance of chicks on days 0-10, whereas the diet supplemented with 10% L-Arg more than optimum Arg requirement is adequate during the days 11-28 and 29-42. Moreover, although the L-Arg decreased the duodenal contractility in vitro, it is suggested that the diet supplemented with 10% L-Arg more than optimum Arg requirement may be negatively affected the FCR in broilers.

PDF

___

1. Cuca M, Jensen LS: Arginine requirement of starting broiler chicks. Poult Sci, 69, 1377-1382, 1990.
2. Kidd MT, Peebles ED, Whitmarsh SK, Yeatman JB, Wideman RF: Growth and immunity of broiler chicks as affected by dietary arginine. Poult Sci, 80, 1535-1542, 2001.
3. Corzo A, Moran ET, Hoehler D: Arginine need of heavy broiler males: Applying the ideal protein concept. Poult Sci, 82, 402-407, 2003.
4. Webel DM, Johnson RW, Baker DH: Lipopolysaccharide-induced reductions in body weight gain and feed intake do not reduce the efficiency of arginine utilization for whole-body protein accretion in the chick. Poult Sci, 77, 1893-1898, 1998.
5. Carew LB, Evarts KG, Alster FA: Growth, feed intake and plasma thyroid hormone levels in chicks fed dietary excesses of essential amino acids. Poult Sci, 77, 295-298, 1998.
6. Timmermans JP, Barbiers M, Scheuermann DW, Bogers JJ, Adriaensen D, Fekete E, Mayer B: Nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the enteric nervous system of the developing human digestive tract. Cell Tissue Res, 275, 235-245, 1994.
7. Russo A, Fraser R,Adachi K, Horowitz M, Boeckxstaens G: Evidence that nitric oxide mechanisms regulate small intestinal motility in humans. Gut, 44, 72-76, 1999.
8. Hiramatsu K, Kawamori Y, Ohshima K: Histochemical study of the distribution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPHd) positive neurons in the chicken caecum. Anat Histol Embryol, 28, 345-349, 1999.
9. Martinez A, Lopez J, Sesma P: The nervous system of the chicken proventriculus: An immunocytochemical and ultrastructural study. Histochem J, 32, 63-70, 2000.
10. Gonzales-Esquerra R, Leeson S: Effect of arginine-lysine ratios and source of methionine on growth and body protein accretion in acutely and chronically heat-stressed broilers. Poult Sci, 85, 1594-1602, 2006.
11. Cengiz O, Kuçukersan S: Effects of graded contents of arginin supplementation on growth performance, haematological parameters and immune system in broilers. Revue Méd Vét, 161, 409-417, 2010.
12. Broiler Nutrition Specifications: Ross 308 broiler nutrition specifications. Aviagen, Midlothian, Scotland, http://en.aviagen.com/ross-308/2007. Accessed: 10.02.2009.
13. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists): Official Methods of Analysis. 17th ed., AOAC International, Maryland, USA, 2000.
14. Bulbul A, Yagcı A, Altunbas K, Sevimli A, Celik HA, Karadeniz A, Akdag E: The role of nitric oxide in the effects of ovarian steroids on spontaneous myometrial contractility in rats. Theriogenology, 68, 1156-1168, 2007.
15. Yilmaz O, Całka J, Bukowski R, Zalecki M, Wasowicz K, Jaroszewski JJ, Markiewicz W, Bulbul A, Ucar M: Nitric oxide in the bovine oviduct: Influence on contractile activity and nitric oxide synthase isoforms localization. Theriogenology, 77,1312-1327, 2012.
16. Kwak H, Austic RE, Dietert RR: Influence of dietary arginine concentration on lenfoid organ growth in chickens. Poult Sci, 78, 1536-1541, 1999.
17. Chamruspollert M, Pesti GM, Bakalli RI: Chick responses to dietary arginine and methionine levels at different environmental temperatures. Br Poultry Sci, 45, 93-100, 2004.
18. Burton EM, Waldroup PW: Arginine and lysine needs of young broiler chicks. Nutr Rep Int, 19, 607-614, 1979.
19. National Research Council: Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th ed., National Academy Press, Washington, 1994.
20. Skalan D, Plavnik I: Interactions between dietary crude protein and essencial amino acid intake on performance in broilers. Br Poultry Sci, 43, 442-449, 2002.
21. Srinongkote S, Smriga M, Toride Y: Diet supplied with L-lysine and L-arginine during chronic stress of high stock density normalizes growth of broilers. Animal Sci J, 75, 339-343, 2004.
22. Mendes AA, Watkins SE, England JA, Saleh EA, Waldroupm AL, Waldroup PW: Influence of dietary lysine levels and arginine: Lysine ratios on performance of broilers exposed to heat or cold stress during the phase of three to six weeks of age. Poult Sci, 76, 472-481,1997.
23. Tremlett H, Oger J: Hepatic injury, liver monitoring and the beta-interferons for multiple sclerosis. J Neurol, 251, 1297-1303, 2004.
24. Bult H, Boeckxstaens GE, Pelckmans PA, Jordaens FH, Vanmaercke YM, Herman AG: Nitric oxide as an inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurotransmitter. Nature, 345, 346-347,1990.
25. Toda N, Baba H, Okumara T: Role of nitric oxide in non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerve-mediated relaxation in dog duodenal longitudinal muscle strips. Jpn J Pharmacol, 53, 281-284. 1990.
26. Lie CG, Rand MJ: Nitric oxide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide mediate non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory transmission to smooth muscle of the rat gastric fundus. Eur J Pharmacol, 191, 303-309, 1990.
27. Fiorucci S, Distrutti E, Quintieri A, Sarpi L, Spirchez Z, Gulla N, Morelli A: L-Arginine/nitric oxide pathway modulates gastric motility and gallbladder emptying induced by erythromycin and liquid meal in humans. Dig Dis Sci, 40, 1365-1371, 1995.
28. Luiking YC, Weusten BLAM, Portincasa P, Van Der Meer R, Smout AJPM, Akkermans LMA: Effects of long-term oral L-arginine on esophageal motility and gallbladder dynamics in healthy humans. Am J Physiol, 274, 984-991,1998.
29. Taylor IL, Byrne WJ, Christie DL, Ament ME, Walsh JH: Effect of individual L-amino acids on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide release in humans. Gastroenterology, 83, 273-278, 1982.
30. Konturek JW, Thor P, Domschke W: Effects of nitric oxide on antral motility and gastric emptying in humans. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 7, 97-102, 1995.
31. Orihata M, Sarna SK: Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase delays gastric emptying of solid meals. J Exp Ther, 271, 660-670, 1994.
32. Izzo AA, Mascolo N, Capasso F: Nitric oxide as a modulator of intestinal water and electrolyte transport. Dig Dis Sci, 43, 1605-1620, 1998.
33. Wang WW, Smith DL, Zucker SD: Bilirubin inhibits iNOS expression and NO production in response to endotoxin in rats. Hepatology, 40, 424-433, 2004.
34. Bulbul A, Bulbul T, Sevimli A, Yilmaz O: The effect of dietary supplementation of nitric oxide donor and inhibitor on nNOS expression in and motility of the small intestine of broilers. Biotech Histochem, 88, 258-266, 2013, DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2013.769631.