The most confusing problematics of current Muslim world lie between religion and politics. So it is of great importance for us to go bact to the early period of this problem and evaluate it within the conditions it aroused. It goes without saying that the problem arose from the fact that early Muslim scholars considered all the political hot debates as religious ones and they put them to the core of Islamic belief. The later religious discussions took the colour of these hot debates and the relationship between religion and politics interwoven. And its very well knowed that a hord of problems dominating Muslim world today with regard to the relationship between these two realms take their starting point from a political crisis that broke out after the death of the Prophet. This paper deals with this crisis and its theological reflections on later theological thinking.