ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira bacterial species. It is tremendously neglected, and scarce epidemiological data is present worldwide. Aseptic meningitis is a rare secondary manifestation of Leptospira infection. Molecular detection of leptospira DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of children younger than two years is could be considered for diagnosis of aseptic meningitis. A total of 50 CSF samples suspected of aseptic meningitis were collected from pediatric patients (