Türkiye’de Sosyodemografik ve Sosyokültürel Göstergelere Göre Dindarlık Seviyeleri

Bu makale cinsiyet, eğitim, çalışma durumu, gelir seviyesi, medeni durum gibi sosyodemografik faktörler ile mezhep, dindarlık, yerleşim yeri kökeni gibi sosyokültürel faktörlerin Türkiye’deki bireylerin dindarlık seviyeleri üzerindeki etkilerini nicel analizlerle araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’nın Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu ile gerçekleştirdiği Türkiye’de Dini Hayat Araştırması veri seti kullanılmıştır. Dindarlık seviyesi; katılımcıların kendilerini ne kadar dindar hissettikleri (self evaluation), vakit namazları kılma sıklıkları ve İslam hukukundaki miras paylaşımına bakışları olmak üzere üç şekilde ölçülmektedir. Bu üç farklı dindarlık göstergesinin sosyodemografik ve sosyokültürel faktörler ile ilişkileri, sıralı lojistik regresyon modeli ile analiz edilmektedir. Analiz bulgularında öne çıkan sonuçlar incelendiğinde her üç ölçümde de gelir dışındaki tüm değişkenlerin, dindarlık üzerinde anlamlı etkileri olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca ilk iki dindarlık ölçümü (dindarlık seviyesi ve namaz kılma sıklığı) ve onları etkileyen faktörler ile miras dağılımına bakış ve onu etkileyen faktörler arasında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Dindarlık seviyeleri, Namaz kılma sıklığı, Miras paylaşımı, Dindarlık ölçümleri

Socio-demographic and Socio-cultural Predictors of Religiosity in Turkey

Using quantitative techniques, this article explores the unique effects of the socio-demographic factors of gender, age, employment status, income level, and marital status, as well as the socio-cultural factors of education, rural-urban background, and religious denomination on levels of religiosity in Turkey. The data set comes from the Survey of Religious Life in Turkey (Türkiye’de Dini Hayat Araştırması) which was conducted by the Presidency of Religious Affairs (Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı) in Turkey. This study measures religiosity in three ways. The first includes self-reported religiosity levels. The second is the frequency of performing the five daily prayers. The third measure explores the degree to which participants agree with the Islamic religious practice of inheritance where male descendants inherit twice the amount that females do. Therefore, this article investigates how individuals’ socio-demographic profiles and socio-cultural backgrounds predict these three aspects of religiosity in the ordinal logistic regression models. All the variables except income have significant effects on religiosity in all three measures. The findings indicate differences to be present in the ways this study’s independent variables predict the first two measures of religiosity (self-reported religiosity levels and frequency of daily prayers) compared to how they predict the last (perception of gender differences in inheritance).

Keywords:

Religiosity levels Frequency of prayer, Inheritance, Religiosity in Turkey, Measures of religiosity,

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