RETİNOİK ASİT UYGULANAN SIÇANLARIN PLASENTALARINDA MMP-2 VE MMP-13 İMMÜNREAKTİVİTESİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Amaç: Matriks metalloproteinazlar (MMP) hücrelerarası matriks yıkımında rol alarak implantasyonun gerçekleşmesine yardımcı olan enzimlerdir. Retinoik asit (RA); MMP üretimi üzerine etkisi olduğu düşünülen, trofoblast invazyonunda rolü olan bir moleküldür. Çalışmamızda retinoik asit uygulanan gebe sıçanların plasentalarında MMP-2 ve MMP-13 immünreaktivitesinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada kontrol (8 adet) ve deney (8 adet) gruplarında toplam 16 adet dişi Spraque Dawley türü sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar gebe bırakılarak deney grubundakilere gastrulasyon döneminde 3 gün süre ile 40mg/kg/gün 13-cis retinoik asit oral yolla uygulandı. Gebeliğin orta döneminde (10-14 gün) plasentalardan alınan kesitler immünhistokimyasal olarak Streptavidin- Biyotin yöntemi kullanılarak rabbit poliklonal MMP-13 antikoru ve mouse monoklonal MMP-2 antikoru ile işaretlendi. Bulgular: Kontrol grubuna ait plasentalarda MMP-2 immünreaktivitesi trofoblastik dev hücrelerde kuvvetli pozitif (+++), koriyo-amniyotik zarda ise orta derecede pozitif (++) bulundu. RA uygulanan grupta trofoblastik dev hücrelerde MMP-2 immünreaktivitesi saptanmadı, buna karşın koriyo-amniotik zarda kuvvetli pozitiflik mevcuttu. MMP-13 immünreaktivitesi ise kontrol grubu dev hücrelerinde ve korio-amniyotik zarda orta derecede (++) pozitifti. RA grubunda dev hücrelerde değişiklik görülmezken koriyo-amniyotik zarda kuvvetli pozitif (+++) işaretlenme mevcuttu. Sonuç: Eksojen olarak uygulanan retinoik asitin trofoblastik dev hücrelerde ve desiduada MMP-2 sentezini baskılayarak implantasyonu olumsuz etkileyebileceği ve koriyo-amniyotik zarda ise MMP-2 ve MMP-13‟ü arttırmak suretiyle membran stabilizasyonunu bozabileceği, bunlara bağlı olarak hayatta kalımı engelleyebileceği kanaatine varıldı.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Plasenta, retinoik asit, matriks metalloproteinaz-2, matriks metalloproteinaz-13

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