SOSYAL EKONOMIK VE FİZİKSEL ÇEVRE FAKTÖRLERİNİN SUÇ ORANLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: ISTANBUL BOGAZİÇİ ÖNGÖRÜNÜM ALANINDA DENEYSEL BIR ÇALIŞMA

Bu çalışma sosyal, ekonomik ve fiziksel çevre faktörlerinin suç oranları üzerindeki etkisini İstanbul Boğaziçi Öngörünüm alanında deneysel olarak test etmeyi amaçlamıştır. Sosyal ve ekonomik durum göstergeleri olarak nüfus yoğunluğu, ortalama arazi değeri, işsizlik oranı, eğitim ve hane halkı büyüklüğüne ilişkin veriler kullanılmıştır. Fiziksel çevrenin özelliklerine yönelik göstergeler ise yapı yoğunluğu, arazi kullanış durumu, fiziksel bozulma, ve altyapı olanaklarına ait verileri içermiştir. Sonuç olarak (1) cana ve mala karşı işlenmiş suç oranları arasında pozitif bir korelasyon olduğu, (2) mala karşı işlenen suçlarda fiziksel çevre özelliklerinin sosyal çevre özelliklerinden daha etkili olduğu (3) sosyal ve ekonomik açıdan dezavantajlı bölgelerde suç oranlarının daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Bundan sonra konu hakkında yapılacak araştırmalara yön verebilmek amacıyla, elde edilen bulgular çalışmanın yöntemi ve kapsadığı alan kapsamında tartışılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cana Karşı İşlenen Suçlar, Mala Karşı İşlenen Suçlar, Fiziksel Çevre, Deneysel Araştırma

The Influence Of Social, Economical And Physical Environmental Factors On Crime Rates: A Case Study Of The Bosphorus Conservation Area, Istanbul, Turkey

This study aims to analyze the relation between personal and property crime and social, economical and physical environmental factors. Crime data was collected at neighborhood level in the coastal strip and fore front view area of the Bosphorus, Istanbul, Turkey. For the social and economical factors, data on population density, average land value, percentage of unemployment, percentage of population with primary school and under education, and percentage of large households were collected. For the physical environmental factors, data on building density, land use (percentage of residential, commercial, and public facilities buildings), physical detoriation (percentage of good quality buildings), percentage of buildings with water, sewage and natural gas were collected. In general, the findings provided evidence that (1) personal and property crimes are positively correlated, (2) the affect of physical environmental factors are more pronounced for property crimes than personal crimes, and (3) lower crime rates are observed in socially and economically disadvantageous neighborhoods. The possible explanations for each finding and how each finding could inform future research in this area are discussed.

Keywords:

personal crime, property crime, physical environment, empirical study,

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