Teknokentlerde Faaliyet Gösteren İnovatif İşletmelerin İhracat Performansı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Amaç – Üniversite-sanayi iş birliği çerçevesindeki teknokentler, inovatif ürün ihracatında itici bir güç olarak açıklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Ankara ilindeki üniversitelerin teknokentlerinde faaliyet gösteren inovatif işletmelerin ihracat performansını incelenmektedir. Çalışma, işletmelerin yeniliklerinin ihracat performansı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca üç tane ikincil amacı vardır: işletmelerin Ar-Ge ve yenilikçi ürün ihracatını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek, işletmelerin inovasyon ve ihracat süreçlerinde karşılaştıkları sorunları belirlemek ve bu süreçleri destekleyen devlet desteklerinin etkinliğini ölçmek. Yöntem – Kullanılan veriler Ankara merkezli üniversitelerin teknokentlerinde ihracat yapan firmalar kuran 44 girişimci ile derinlemesine görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Bulgular nitel araştırmaya uygun betimsel analiz yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular – Araştırma sonucunda, inovatif işletmelerin ihracat performansını etkileyen çeşitli faktörler belirlenmiştir; işletmelerin inovasyon faaliyetlerinin ihracat performansı üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğu bulunmuş ve bu alandaki devlet desteklerinin avantajlı ancak birkaç bakımdan yetersiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma – Teknokentlerde faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin inovasyon ve ihracat süreçlerinde karşılaştıkları bazı sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Bu sorunları hafifletmek için çözümler önerilmiştir. Dış ticaret personelinin ve Ar-Ge personelinin iş birliği içinde olması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Bu durumda inovatif ürün ihracatı ön plana çıkaracaktır.

A Research on the Export Performance of Innovative Enterprises Operating in Technopolises

Purpose – Technopolises within the framework of university-industry cooperation are explained as a driving force in the export of innovative products. In this study, the export performance of innovative enterprises operating in the technopolises of universities in Ankara province is analyzed. The research aims to determine the impact of innovations of businesses on export performance. It also has three secondary goals, namely: to determine the factors influencing the R&D and innovative product exports of the firms, to identify the problems that firms face during the innovation and export processes, and to measure the effectiveness of government subsidies which support these processes. Design/methodology/approach – The data used was collected through in-depth interviews with 44 entrepreneurs who founded export enterprises located in the technopolises of Ankara-based universities. Findings were analyzed with descriptive analysis methods befitting qualitative research. Findings – As a result of the research, several factors influencing the export performance of innovative enterprises were identified; the innovation activities of the enterprises were found to have a positive impact on export performance, and subsidies in this field were determined to be advantageous but insufficient in a few aspects. Discussion – There are some problems faced by enterprises operating in technopolises in innovation and export processes. Solutions were suggested to alleviate these problems. It is considered that foreign trade personnel and R&D personnel should be in cooperation. In this case, the export of innovative products will come to the forefront.

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