Küçük Konaklama İşletmelerinde Karşılaştırmalı Performans Analizi: Belediye Belgeli Konaklama İşletmeleri Üzerinde Bir Araştırma

Amaç – Bu araştırmanın amacı, turizmin en önemli bileşenlerinden biri olan küçük ölçekli konaklama işletmelerinin işletme performansını karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya koymak ve değerlendirmektir. Yöntem – Araştırma verileri Türkiye’nin en önemli turizm bölgelerinden biri olan Manavgat’ta bulunan 25 belediye belgeli konaklama işletmesinde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde girdi odaklı BCC Veri Zarflama Analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular – Analiz sonucunda, konaklama işletmelerinin etkinlik ortalamasının %71 olduğu, sadece 8 işletmenin etkin, kalan 17’sinin ise etkin olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bununla birlikte etkin olmayan işletmelerin mevcut çıktılarıyla etkin olabilmesi için personel sayısı, oda sayısı, yatak sayısı ve alan büyüklüklerinden oluşan girdi setinin ortalama %44-56 arasında düşürülmesi gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Tartışma – Türkiye’deki konaklama işletmelerinin büyük bir bölümü küçük işletme niteliğinde olan belediye belgeli işletmelerden oluşmaktadır. Bu nedenle ilgili işletmelerin performansı hem turizmi hem de genel boyutta ekonomiyi belirgin şekilde etkilemektedir. Ancak yazında var olan çalışmalar daha çok büyük ölçekli işletmeler üzerinde odaklanmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın sonuçları Manavgat’ta bulunan belediye belgeli konaklama işletmelerinin performansının oldukça düşük düzeylerde olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Düşük performans sonuçlarında aynı zamanda işletmeleri yöneten sınırlı bilgi, beceri ve kaynaklara sahip işletme sahiplerinin ve bölgede çok sayıda bulunan büyük ölçekli işletmelerin önemli etkisinin olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle yerel ve merkezi yönetimlerin özellikle büyük işletmelerin yoğun olduğu bölgelerde ilgili işletmelere daha fazla destek olması gerekir.

Comparative Performance Analysis of Small Accommodation Enterprises: A Research on Municipality Licensed Accommodation Enterprises in Manavgat

Purpose – The purpose of this study is comparatively reveal and evaluate the effectiveness of small sized accommodation enterprises which are one of the most important component of tourism. Design/methodology/approach – Research data was collected from 25 municipality licensed accommodation establishments operating in Manavgat with semi-structured interview form and analyzed with input-oriented BCC Data Envelopment Analysis. Findings – As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the efficiency mean of accommodation enterprises is 71%, only 8 were efficient, and the remaining 17 were not. Addition to that, it was found that ineffective enterprises should decrease their number of rooms, number of beds, number of employees, and enterprise field size by average 44-56% to be effective with their current outputs. Discussion – Small accommodation enterprises, most of which are municipality licensed covers large part of accommodation enterprises in Turkey. Therefore, the performance of these enterprises significantly affect both tourism and general economy. However, the studies in the literature mostly focus on large enterprises. The results of the study indicate that the performance of municipality licensed enterprises is quite low in Manavgat. Business owners who have limited knowledge, skills and resources, and large-sized businesses in the region are also thought to have an impact on the results regarding low performance. For this reason, local and central governments should support the relevant enterprises more, especially in regions where large enterprises are high in number.

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