JEOTERMAL ENERJİ KAYNAKLI KALİNA ÇEVRİMİNİN TERMODİNAMİK VE EKONOMİK ANALİZİ

Bu çalışmada, jeotermal enerjiyle çalışan Kalina Çevrimi’nin optimum tasarım parametrelerinin belirlenmesi için termodinamik ve ekonomik analizler yapılmıştır. Türbin giriş basıncı, evaporatördeki jeotermal akışkan çıkış sıcaklığı, kondanser basıncı ve amonyak kütle oranı sistemin değişken parametreleridir. Simav bölgesindeki orta sıcaklıklı jeotermal kaynağın termodinamik özellikleri sistem tasarımlarında kullanılmıştır. Sistemin enerji ve ekserji verimleri termodinamik analizler ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, sistem net bugünkü değer yöntemi ile ekonomik olarak incelenmiştir. Ekserji analizi sonucunda, sistemin toplam ekserji yıkımı içerisinde maksimum ekserji yıkımının evaporatörde meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Kütlece % 90 amonyak bileşenli sistem tasarımında, evaporatördeki ekserji yıkımı, sistemdeki toplam ekserji yıkımının % 66.5’ini oluşturmaktadır.Ekserji analizleri sonucunde en yüksek ekserji yıkımının evaporatörde oluştuğu ve % 90 amonyak bileşenli sistem tasarımında, evaporatördeki ekserji yıkımı, toplam sistemdeki ekserji yıkımının % 66.5’ini oluşturmaktadır. En etkin sistem tasarımının enerji verimliliği ve ekserji verimliliği sırasıyla % 13.04 ve % 51.81 olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimum sisteme ait evaporatördeki jeotermal su çıkış sıcaklığı, amonyak kütle oranı, türbin giriş basıncı ve kondenser basıncı sırasıyla 353.15 K, % 90, 4808 kPa ve 700 kPa olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu sisteme ait enerji verimliliği ve ekserji verimliliği sırasıyla % 13.04 ve % 51.81 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bu sistemin net bugünkü değeri 119.377 Milyon ABD$ olarak hesaplanmış ve ekonomik açıdan yatırıma uygun olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kalina çevrimi, Jeotermal enerji, Net bugünkü değer, Enerji, Ekserji

THERMODYNAMIC AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY POWERED KALINA CYCLE

In this study, thermodynamic and economic analysis have been carried out to the determination of optimum design parameters of Kalina Cycle. The optimization of four key parameters (turbine inlet pressure, geothermal water outlet temperature at evaporator, condenser pressure and ammonia mass fraction) is also conducted. The thermodynamic properties of the medium temperature geothermal resource in the Simav region are used in the system designs. The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system are evaluated through the thermodynamic analysis. Also, the system has been investigated economically with the net present value method. As a result of the exergy analysis, it is determined that the maximum exergy destruction occurs in the evaporator within the total exergy destruction of the system. In the system design with 90 % ammonia mass fraction, the exergy destruction in the evaporator constitutes 66.5 % of the total exergy destruction in the system. The geothermal water outlet temperature at evaporator, ammonia mass fraction, turbine inlet pressure and condenser pressure of the most effective geothermal energy powered Kalina Cycle are determined as 353.15 K, 90 %, 4808 kPa and 700 kPa, respectively. The energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of this system are calculated as 13.04 % and 51.81 %, respectively. Also, the net present value of this system is calculated as 119.377 Million US$ and it is seen that it is suitable for investment in economic terms.

Keywords:

Kalina cycle, Geothermal energy, Net present value, Energy, Exergy,

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