Müzik Tercihlerine İlişkin Kuramsal Bir İnceleme

Kültürel, sosyal, duygusal ve bilişsel yönleriyle müzik, her birimizin hayatında var olan ve süreklilik arz eden bir olgudur. Müziğin sosyal normlara uyum, kültürel yapıların devamı, iletişim ve eğlence gibi işlevsel yönleri de bulunmaktadır. İnsana dair her şeyin bir değişim sürecinde olması gibi müzik de her çağda değişip dönüşmüş, hayatımızdaki yeri yıllar içerisinde teknolojik ve bilimsel gelişmelerle birlikte farklılaşmış ve çeşitlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte zamanla müzik tercihlerinin de farklılaştığı, hatta müzik türlerinin de birbirlerinden çok net çizgilerle ayrılamadığı görülmektedir. Artık birbirinin içine girmiş, birden çok türün özelliğini barındıran ara türler oluşmuştur. İnsanlar da sadece belirli bir türe eğilim göstermeyip, aynı zamanda hem rock müzik hem hip – hop müzik dinleyebilmekte; deneysel çalışmaları dinlerken, geleneksel türlere de eğilim gösterebilmektedir. Öte yandan müziğin her bireyde yansımaları da farklı olmaktadır; anıları hatırlatması, iyi hissettiriyor olması, kişiliği yansıtması, ya da arkadaş grubunda sevilmesi gibi çeşitli değişkenler kişilerin tercihlerini etkileyebilmektedir. Konunun bu dinamik ve çok yönlü hali, insanlar neden farklı tür/stil, şarkıcı ya da grupları tercih ederler, bu tercihleri hangi faktörler ne oranda etkiler gibi soruları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Araştırmacılar bu sorulara farklı çerçeve ve odak noktalarından yaklaşarak cevaplar aramışlardır. Bu betimsel çalışmada literatur tarama tekniği ile müzik tercihleri üzerine geliştirilen yaklaşım ve modeller, genel bir çerçeveyle ortaya konulmaktadır.Music is a continuos phenomenon with its cultural, emotional and cognitive aspects. It has functional dimensions as adaptation to social norms, conti-nuity of cultural patterns, communication and entertainment. Music trans-formed and evolved every age of humanity with technological, scientific ad-vances. However as we have seen, music preferences became different and music genres cannot separated each other easily over time. Currently intermediate genres occurs in music. A person can listen rock and hip-hop at the same time or can enjoy experimental works besides traditional gen-res. On the other hand, reflections of music can differ from person to per-son; recalling memories, reflecting personality, emotional regulation, or ap-proved/ listened in peer group. Therefore these variables can affect a per-son preferences. Multiple and dynamic process of issue had revealed some questions like; why do we prefer a music genre / group / singer? What is the underlying cause or causes about preferences? Researchers searched for an answer from different perspectives and focal points related to this kind of questions. The aim of this descriptive research is, representing the-ories and models about music preferences with literature review technique.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

müzik tercihi, müziktercihi kuramları, Music preferences, music preference theories

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