Heterojen Katalizör Tasarımlı Biyodizel Üretimi

Biyodizel, hayvansal ve bitkisel yağların katalizör eşliğinde kısa zincirli alkoller ile (metil alkol gibi) transesterifikasyon reaksiyonu sonucu oluşan sıvı formlu bir yakıttır. Bu çalışmada mısır yağı kullanılarak biyodizel (Yağ Asidi Metil Esterleri) üretimi gerçekleştirildi. Biyodizel üretimi için kitosan biyopolimerinin –NH2 grubunun klasik ısıtma yöntemleriyle, farklı yapıdaki aminoasitlerin modifikasyonu sağlanarak heterojen katalizörler tasarlandı. Tasarlanan katalizörler ile biyodizel üretimi iki farklı şekilde gerçekleştirildi. İlk olarak geleneksel yöntemlerle biyodizel üretimi gerçekleştirildi. Daha sonra mikrodalga destekli biyodizel üretimi gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen biyodizel yakıtlarının kalite kontrolü için; % verim testi, viskozite tayini, parlama noktası tayini, UV-VIS analizi, pH tayini ve yoğunluk analizleri yapıldı. Tasarlanan katalizörlerin biyodizel üretimindeki etkileri çizelgeler halinde gösterildi ve elde edilen sonuçlar TS EN 14214 yakıt standardına göre kıyaslandı. Üretilen biyodizel numunelerinin yakıt özelliklerinde iyileşme görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Biyodizel, Heterojen Katalizörler, Transesterifikasyon

Production Biodiesel of Heterogeneous Catalyst Designed

Biodiesel is a liquid form fuel formed by transesterification reaction of animal and vegetable oils with short-chain alcohols (such as methyl alcohol) in the presence of catalyst. In this study, biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) was produced by using corn oil. For the production of biodiesel, heterogeneous catalysts have been designed by modifying the amino acids of different structure with the classical heating methods of the -NH2 group of chitosan biopolymer. Biodiesel production with designed catalysts was carried out in two different ways. In the first instance biodiesel production was carried out by traditional methods. Subsequent to, microwave-assisted biodiesel production was performed. For the quality control of biodiesel fuels obtained; % yield test, viscosity determination, flash point determination, UV-VIS analysis, pH determination and density analysis were performed. The effects of designed catalysts on biodiesel production are shown in tables and the results are compared according to TS EN 14214 fuel standard. The fuel properties of the produced biodiesel samples improved.

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Heterogeneous Catalysts, Transesterification,

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