Genetiği Değiştirilmiş Bitkilerin Böceklere Etkileri

Son yıllarda, tarımsal üretimde dünyanın en çok ilgilendiği konuların başında genetiği değiştirilmiş bitkilerin kullanımı gelmektedir. Genetiği değiştirilmiş bitkilerin çevre üzerindeki etkileri, özellikle hibritleşme ve yatay gen transferi konusu halen yoğun bir şekilde tartışılmaktadır. Hibritleşme ve gen transferi üzerine olan etkilerinin yanında aynı zamanda böceklere olan etkileri de dikkat çekmektedir. Genetiği değiştirilmiş bitkilerin, besin zincirindeki ekolojik etkileri de son yıllarda üzerinde durulan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Bu besin zincirinde ise böcekler herbivor, carnivor ve çürükçül olarak “anahtar organizma” rolündedir. Bu derlemede, genetiği değiştirilmiş bitkilerin; böcek dayanıklılığına, yeni zararlıların ortaya çıkmasına, biyolojik çeşitliliğe, insektisit kullanımına ve doğal düşmanlara olan etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Genetiği değiştirilmiş bitkiler, böcek, dayanıklılık, insektisit, doğal düşman

The Effects of Genetically Modified Plants on Insects

In recent years, in agriculture production one of the most emphasized subject of the world is the useof genetically modified plants. The effects of genetically modified plants on the environment, especially hybridizationand horizontal gene transfer have already been discussed. Not only hybridization and horizontal gene transfer,but also effects on insects have taken attention. The ecological effect of genetically modified plants in the food webis one of the other subjects that have been emphasized on during the last years. In the food web, insects are “key organisms”with herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. In this review, we focus on the effects of genetically modifiedplants on; insect resistance, new plant pests emerging, biological diversity, insecticide use and natural enemies.

Keywords:

Genetically modified plants, insect, resistance, insecticide, natural enemy,

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