Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımları Belirleyen Temel Unsurlar

Küreselleşme sürecinin ortaya çıkardığı en önemli olgulardan biri, ülkelere orta ve uzun vadeli sermaye ve teknoloji getiren doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardır (DYY). Araştırmanın amacı, gelişmekte olan ülkelere yönelik DYY’yi çeken belirleyicilerin neler olduğunun açıklanmasıdır. Bu amaçla DYY kavramı üzerinde durulmuş ve DYY’nin temel belirleyicileri irdelenmiştir. 18 gelişmekte olan ülkeye ait DYY girişleri üzerinde etkili olduğu düşünülen 12 farklı değişken, 1996–2014 dönemi için panel veri yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, yolsuzluk kontrolü, dışa açıklık oranı, teknoloji, toplam işgücü ve hukukun üstünlüğü değişkenlerinin DYY girişlerini olumlu yönde etkilediği, borç stoku, gayri safi sabit sermaye ve altyapı değişkenin ise DYY girişlerini olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım, Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler, Panel Veri

The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries

One of the most important phenomenon of globalization process, is foreign direct investments (FDI) that brings medium and long term funds and technology to the countries. The main purpose of this research is to explain the specifications of the developing countries that attract foreign direct investments. For this purpose, the concept of FDI was being focused on and the determinants of FDI were examined. 12 different variables of 18 developing countries which are considered to have an effect on FDI inflow in 1996-2014 of were analyzed with panel data method. At the end of the study we concluded that while control of corruption, openness to trade, technology, total labor and rule of law variables affects FDI inflows positively and total debt service, gross fixed capital formation and infrastructure variables affects FDI negatively.

Keywords:

Foreign Direct Investment, Developing Countries, Panel Data Analysis,

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