Yaşlı Yetişkinlerin Kişisel Anılarında İçsel Durumsal Dil Kullanımının Cinsiyet Farklılıkları Açısından Karşılaştırılması

Bu araştırmada, yaşlı bireylerin otobiyografik anılarını hatırlarken kullandıkları içsel durumsal dil kategorilerinin cinsiyet farklılıkları açısından karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. İçsel durumsal dil, anlatılan anıyla ilgili duygu (mutluluk, üzüntü), biliş (anlamak, düşünmek), algı (görmek, duymak) ve fizyolojik durum (üşümek, yorulmak) gibi kategorileri içeren ve bireyin yaşadığı olaydan belli bir anlama ulaşmasını sağlayan bilişsel bir süreçtir. Araştırmada, 65 yaş ve üstü toplam 60 bireyden beş yaşam dönemine ait birer anı anlatmaları istenmiş, kaydedilen anılar içsel durumsal dil kategorileri açısından incelenmiştir. Sonuçta, kadın katılımcıların anılarını daha fazla duygusal ifade kullanarak öyküleştirdikleri ve daha fazla olumsuz ifade tercih ettikleri gözlenmiştir. Kadınlar, erkeklere kıyasla ergenliğe dair anılarını daha olumlu ifadelerle anlatırken, orta yaşa ait anıları için daha olumsuz ifadeler kullanmışlardır. Biliş, algı ve fizyolojik durum ifadelerinin kullanımları bakımından herhangi bir cinsiyet farklılığı gözlenmemiştir. Sonuçlar cinsiyetlerin maruz kaldıkları farklı sosyalleşme süreçleri ve yaşla ilgili farklılıklar açısından değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yaşlanma, Otobiyografik Bellek, Cinsiyet Farklılıkları, İçsel Durumsal Dil

Comparison of Use of Internal State Language in Personal Narratives of Elderly Adults in terms of Gender Differences

The aim of this study is to compare internal state language used by elderly people in recalling autobiographical memories in terms of gender differences. Internal state language is a cognitive process that consists of some categories such as emotion, cognition, perception and physiological states and allows individuals to reach a certain understanding of their experiences. Sample of research consists of 60 individuals aged 65 and over. In study, participants were asked to narrate an event from their five life periods, and the narratives were examined for the internal state language. Females used significantly more emotions and negative emotional expressions. While they describe their adolescent narratives more positively than men do, for middle age, they used negative emotional expressions. No gender differences were observed in the use of cognition, perception, and physiological states. The results were evaluated in terms of different socialization processes that genders are exposed to and age-related differences.

Keywords:

Aging, Autobiographical Memory, Gender Differences, Internal States Language,

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