Mukaddes KAYIM, Amin Mohammad YONES, Ali ENDES

In vitro koşullarda bazı lokal Trichoderma harzianum izolatları kullanılarak bakla yaprak lekesi hastalığı etmeni Alternaria alternata’ nın biyolojik kontrolü

Bakla,Türkiye’de taze olarak tüketilen yaygın baklagiller arasında yer almaktadır. Alternaria alternata'nın neden olduğu Bakla yaprak leke hastalığı, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde görülen önemli bir fungal hastalığıdır. Bu çalışmada Yaprak leke hastalığına karşı uygun mücadele stratejilerini belirlemek için in vitro koşullarda antagonist Trichoderma harzianum ile denemeler yürütülmüştür. Trichoderma harzianum ile denemeler yürütülmüştür. Deneme, Beşer adet A. alternata (A1, A2, A3, A4 ve A5) ve T. harzianum izolatları (T1, T2, T3, T4 ve Tc) ile kontrol parseli dahil, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre toplam 25 uygulama olarak kurulmuştur. Petride, İkili kültür şeklinde yapılan testlerde, T. harzianum izolatlarının A. alternata’yı engelleme oranın, % 53.85 ile 82.81 aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. A. alternata fungal patojenlere karşı T. harzianum’un T2 ve T3 izolatlarının en yüksek antagonistik etki gösterdiği, yaprak lezyonlarının uzunluk ve genişlik çapının en az olması ile saptanmıştır. Alternaria veTrichoderma türlerinin teşhisi, rDNA’sının ITS gen dizisinin NCBI Gen Bankasında nükleotid karşılaştırma analizi (nBLAST) ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, T. harzianum’un, A. alternata’nın gelişiminin engelleyerek, bakla yaprak leke hastalığının kontrolünde bir antagonistik potansiyel olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Biocontrol of Alternaria alternata causing leaf spot disease on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) using some Trichoderma harzianum ısolates under in vitro condition

Faba bean is among common legume crops used as a fresh vegetable in Turkey. Alternaria alternata is one of the main fungal diseases attacking faba bean in Turkey. Investigation of leaf spot disease of faba bean was carried out to find out suitable management strategies under laboratory condition. Five A. alternata (A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5) and five Trichoderma harzianum isolates (T1, T2, T3, T4, and Tc) including control were arranged in complete randomized design factorial, forming a total of 25 treatments. Dual culture plate test revealed that the percentage growth inhibition of A. alternata by T. harzianum was in the range of 53.85 to 82.81 %. In addition, Trichoderma isolates (T2 and T3) were found the most effective with the highest antagonistic activity against A. alternata isolates fungal pathogen caused minimum length and width diameter of leaves lesions. The species of Alternaria and Trichoderma isolates were identified according to cultural characteristics and alignment analysis of ITS sequences in GenBank of NCBI. The results point out that T. harzianum provides the use of high potential antagonists capable of controlling the leaf spot disease of faba bean plant.

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