Aytül UÇAK KOÇ, Mete KARACAOĞLU, Zehra Burcu BAKIR, Kadir KIZILKAYA

Farklı hasat zamanlarında ana arısız ve ana arılı kolonilerde üretilen arı sütlerinde toplam protein, trans 10-HDA ve arı sütü majör proteinlerinin tayini

Arı sütüne (AS) fonksiyonel özellik katan en önemli içeriklerinden ikisi 10-HDA ve majör arı sütü proteinleridir. Bu çalışmada, hasat zamanı (24, 48 ve 72 saat) ve AS üretim kolonilerinin ana arılı ve ana arısız olmasının arı sütünün 10-HDA, toplam protein (TP) içeriğine etkisi belirlenmiş ve majör arı sütü proteinlerinin (MASP) molekül ağırlıkları saptanmıştır. Bu amaçla AS üretim kolonileri 2 gruba ayrılmış, birinci grup ana arısız, ikinci grup ise ana arılı grubu oluşturmuştur. Birinci grubun ana arıları kovandan alındığı gün, diğer grubunun ana arıları da 2 çerçeve ile birlikte plastik sınırlandırma kafeslerine yerleştirilmiştir. Her bir koloniye 80 adet larva transfer edilmiştir. Her grup içinde (anasız ve ve ana arılı) 2’şer koloni 24, 48 ve 72 saat hasat zamanı alt gruplarını oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmada hasat zamanı uzadıkça TP oranı azalmış (P<0.05); 24, 48 ve 72 saatte hasat edilen arı sütlerinde TP oranı sırasıyla; %18.4±1.24, 15.2±0.80, 10.6±0.27 olarak belirlenmiştir. 10-HDA üzerine hasat zamanın etkisi önemli (P<0.05) bulunmuş, hasat zamanı uzadıkça 10-HDA azalmış, 24, 48 ve 72 saatte hasat edilen sütlerde 10-HDA sırasıyla; %2.52±0.109, %2.20±0.110, %2.00±0.112 saptanmış ve 24 saatte hasat edilen arı sütü, 48 ve 72 saatte hasat edilen sütlerden 10-HAD bakımından farklı bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Bu çalışmada MASP ailesinden MASP1, MASP2, MASP3 ve MASP5 tespit edilmiş ve aynı sırayla molekül ağırlıkları; 53 kDa, 46.5 kDa, 66.8 kDa, 80.9 kDa olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta erken hasat (24 ve 48 saat) arı sütleri 72 saatte hasat edilen arı sütlerinden TP ve 10-HDA bakımından daha yüksek değerlere sahip olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bal arısı, Erken hasat arı sütü, Anadolu arısı Ege ekotipi, fonksiyonel gıda, MASP1

Determination of total protein, trans- 10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid (10-HDA) and major royal jelly proteins in royal jelly produced at different harvest times in queenless and queenright colonies

Two of the most important ingredients to add functional properties to royal jelly are 10-HDA and major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs). The effect of royal jelly (RJ) production and the effect of royal jelly harvest time (24, 48 and 72 hours) on 10-HDA, the total protein content of RJ, and molecular weights of major proteins in RJ were investigated in queenright and queenless colonies. RJ production colonies were divided into 2 groups as queenless and queenright where the queen was confined with frames. Subgroups were formed within each group (queenless and queenright) according to harvest time (24, 48 and 72 hours). 80 larvae were transferred to each colony. In this study, as the harvest time increased, total protein (TP) ratio decreased (p<0.05); TP ratio in RJs harvested at 24, 48 and 72 hours was determined as 18.4±1.24%, 15.2±0.80%, 10.6±0.27%, respectively. As the harvest time increased, 10-HDA decreased. It was determined 10-HDA rates in RJ harvested at 24, 48 and 72 hours respectively; 2.52±0.109%, 2.20±0.110%, 2.00±0.112%. MRJP1, MRJP2, MRJP3 and MRJP5 were found from the MRJP family, and their molecular weights were determined as 53 kDa, 46.5 kDa, 66.8 kDa, 80.9 kDa, respectively. As a result, the early harvested (24 and 48 hours) RJ had higher values in terms of TP and trans 10-HDA than the royal jelly harvested at 72 hours.

Keywords:

Honey bee, Early harvest royal jelly, Aegean Ecotype of Anatolian bee, , Functional food, MRJP1,

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