Mehmet SÜTYEMEZ, Selma BOYACI, Nur KUŞÇUOĞLU, Akide ÖZCAN, Şakir Burak BÜKÜCÜ, Esra YILDIRIM, Adem BARDAK

Cevizde açık tozlanmış tohumlardan elde edilen genotiplerde fenolojik ve moleküler karakterizasyonun belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma

Bu araştırma, S-1/1 ceviz genotipi ile bu genotipten elde edilmiş 94 farklı genotipin birbirleriyle ve ana bitki ile fenolojik ve genetik farklılık seviyelerini ortaya koymak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Yapılan fenolojik gözlemlerde, genotiplerde tomurcuk patlamanın 52 gün, ilk yapraklanmanın 50 gün, yaprak sararmanın 31 gün ve yaprak dökümünün ise 27 gün gibi bir periyotta gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Ana bitki (S-1/1) ile çöğür genotipler karşılaştırıldığında, tomurcuk patlamada %75.54, ilk yapraklanmada %73.41, yaprak sararmada %34.05 ve yaprak dökümünde ise %93.62 seviyesinde fenolojik varyasyon olduğu tespit edilirken, ortalama varyasyon %69.15 olarak belirlenmiştir. Moleküler analizlerde genetik varyasyonların belirlenmesi amacıyla 7 adet ISSR primeri kullanılmıştır. Bu analizlerde 7 monomorfik, 45 polimorfik bant elde edilirken, polimorfizm oranının %86.53, ortalama allel sayısının ise 7.42 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Genotiplerde polimorfizm bilgi içerik (PIC) değeri 0.48 ile 0.95 arasında değişirken, ortalama PIC değerinin ise 0.73 olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Kümeleme analizi sonucunda, genotiplerin 2 ana ve 2 alt kümeye ayrıldığı görülmüştür. Çalışma sonunda S-1/1 ceviz genotipi ile bu genotipten elde edilmiş F1 genotiplerin hem fenolojik hemde genetik olarak önemli bir varyasyona sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Juglans regia L., fenoloji, moleküler, ISSR, varyasyon

A research on the determination of phenological and molecular characterization in open-pollinated genotypes in walnut

This research was carried out to reveal the phenological and genetic differences between the S-1/1 walnut genotype and its 94 progenies. In the phenological observations made, it was observed that budburst in genotypes took 52 days, leafing 50 days, leaf yellowing 31 days, and defoliation date 27 days. When the mother plant (S-1/1) and the genotypes were compared, it was found that there was a phenological variation of 75.54% in budburst, 73.41% in the leafing, 34.05% in leaf yellowing, and 93.62% in defoliation date, while the average variation was 69.15%. In the dendrogram obtained using phenological data, 2 main and 5 subgroups were obtained. In molecular genetic analyzes, 7 ISSR primers were used to determine genetic variations, as a result, 7 monomorphic and 45 polymorphic bands were obtained, and the rate of polymorphism was found to be 86.53%. The average number of alleles was calculated to be 7.42. In genotypes, the polymorphism information content (PIC) value varied between 0.48 and 0.95, while the average PIC value was calculated to be 0.73. As a result of cluster analysis, it was seen that genotypes were divided into 2 main clusters and 2 subsets. At the end of the study, it was determined that the S-1/1 and its progenies have a significant variation both phenologically and genetically.

Keywords:

Juglans regia L., molecular, phenology, ISSR, variation,

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