Azad Abdullah MOHAMMED, Selçuk SÖYLEMEZ, Taha Zubair SARHAN

Biyogübre, deniz yosunu ve inorganik gübrelerin marulda (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia L.) bitki gelişimi ve verimi üzerine etkisi

İnorganik gübrelerin aşırı kullanımı nedeniyle toprağın yapısı bozulmakta ve ürün kalitesi olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Bu nedenle üretimde çevre dostu organik gübrelerin kullanımı son yıllarda artış göstermiştir. Çalışma 2020 yılı sonbahar yetiştirme döneminde Irak'ın Kuzey Bölgesi, Dohuk Valiliği, Tarım Genel Müdürlüğü Araştırma Merkezi arazisinde bulunan plastik serada yürütülmüştür. Denemede topraktan uygulanan biyogübre (0 , 5 ve 10 g L-1) (Corabac) ile yapraktan uygulanan deniz yosunu (alg özü) (0, 4 ve 8 g L-1) ve inorganik gübrenin (0 ve 1 g L-1 (N:P: K 10:10:10)) marulda (Lactuca sativa L.) verim ve bazı büyüme parametreleri üzerine etkisini incelenmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, üç gübrenin ve bunların interaksiyonlarının, baş ağırlığı, verim, gövde uzunluğu, yaprak sayısı gibi parametreleri önemli ölçüde arttırdığı, ancak yaprak alanı (cm2) ve klorofil içeriğini (%) azalttığını göstermiştir. Biyogübre, deniz yosunu ve inorganik gübreleme yapraklardaki N, P ve K içeriğini etkilemiştir. Sera marul üretiminde sürdürülebilir bir üretim için, çevreye dost olduğu düşünülen deniz yosunu ve biyogübre kullanılarak daha yüksek baş ağırlığı ve dolayısıyla daha yüksek verim elde edilmesi mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Deniz yosunu, Biyogübre, Kimyasal gübreleme, Organic gübreleme, Bitki besleme

Effect of biofertilizers, seaweed extract and inorganic fertilizer on growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia L.)

Due to the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers, the structure of the soil is deteriorated, and the product quality is adversely affected. For this reason, the use of environmentally friendly organic fertilizers in production has increased in recent years. A field experiment was conducted in a plastic greenhouse in the Research Center Field at General Directorate of Agriculture, Dohuk Governorate, Northern region of Iraq during autumn season of 2020 to examine the effect of soil application of the biofertilizer (Corabac) with three levels (0, 5 and 10 g L-1) and foliar spraying with the seaweed (algal extract) at three concentrations (0, 4 and 8 g L-1) and the inorganic fertilizer at two concentrations (0 and 1 g L-1 (N:P:K 10:10:10)) compared with control (without treatment) on growth and yield of lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.). The obtained data indicated that the application of the three fertilizers and their interactions significantly induced vegetative growth parameters like stem length and leaf number per plant but did not positively affected leaf area (cm2) and chlorophyll content (%). Head weight (kg), yield (kg m-2), and total yield (ton ha-1) were also notably increased due to soil addition of biofertilizer and foliar spraying of the algal extract and inorganic fertilizer as compared to the control. Biofertilizer, seaweed and inorganic fertilization affected the N, P and K content in lettuce leaves. For a sustainable production in greenhouse lettuce, it is possible to obtain higher head weight and therefore higher yield by using seaweed and biofertilizers, which are considered environmentally friendly.

Keywords:

Algae extract, Biofertilizer, Chemical fertilization, Organic fertilizer, Plant nutrition,

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