Bazı Bitki Ekstraktlarının Börülce Tohum Böceği [Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)] Erginlerine Etkileri

Bu araştırma tarçın Cinnamomum cassia (Blume), defne Laurus nobilis L., karanfil Syzygium aromaticum (L.) ve biberiye Rosmarinus officinalis L. bitkilerinden elde edilen ekstraktların, Callosobruchus maculatus F. erginlerine karşı kontakt ve yumurta bırakmayı engelleme etkilerini tespit etmek için yapılmıştır. Denemeler ve stok kültür yetiştirmeleri Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Entomoloji laboratuvarı ve 30˚C sıcaklık, % 60-70 orantılı nem ve karanlık ortamdaki iklim kabininde 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. İnsektisit etki çalışmaları, ekstraktların beş konsantrasyonu (%0.625, 1.25, 2.50, 5, 10 w/w), yumurta bırakmayı engelleme çalışmaları ise ekstraktların üç konsantrasyonu (%0.625, %1.25, %2.50 w/w) kullanılmıştır. Kontak etki çalışmalarında, ekstraktların artan konsantrasyonları, 24 saat sonunda ölüm oranlarının artışına sebep olmuştur. Laurus nobilis L.’in LC50 ve LC90 değerleri sırasıyla % 2.02 ve % 33.73; S. aromaticum’un ise % 3.78 ve % 37.20 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Cinnamomum cassia ve R. officinalis ekstraktlarının kontakt toksisitesi oldukça düşük bulunmuştur. Yumurta bırakmayı engelleme etkisinin tespitinde püskürtme kulesi kullanılarak nohut daneleri üzerine 2 ml ekstrakt püskürtülmüş, kurutulan danelerin bulunduğu petriye yeni çıkan bir çift ergin bırakılmıştır. Konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak yumurta bırakmayı engelleme oranı artmıştır. Bitki ekstraktlarının yumurta bırakmayı engelleme oranı %2.50 konsantrasyonda en yüksek C. cassia (% 43)’da, en düşük R. officinalis (% 25)’te görülmüştür.

Effects of some plant extracts on adults of Cowpea weevil [Callosobruchus

This study was conducted to determine the contact and anti oviposition effects of cinnamon Cinnamomum cassia (Blume), laurel Laurus nobilis L., clove Syzygium aromaticum (L.) and rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. extracts against Callosobruchus maculatus F. adults. The experiments were conducted at Selcuk University, Faculty of Agriculture Entomology laboratory and climate chamber with the temperature of 30°C and 60-70% rate. The experiments were replicated for three times. Effects of the plant extracts were examined at five different concentrations (0.625, 1.25, 2.50, 5, 10% w/w) for contact toxicity and at three concentrations (0.625, 1.25, 2.50% w/w) for anti oviposition effect. In the contact effect study, the increasing concentrations of the extracts produced an increase in mortality rates after 24 hours. LC50 and LC90 values were determinated for L. nobilis and S. aromaticum as 2.02% and 33.73% and 3.78% and 37.20%, respectively. Contact toxicities of C. cassia and R. officinalis extracts were low. Anti oviposition (oviposition deterrent effect) effects of the plant extracts were determined by spraying of 2 ml extract solution onto chickpea pods from spray tower and the seeds were dried and one pair of newly emerged adult C. maculatus were placed in each petri dish. Anti oviposition rates increased with increasing concentrations. Maximum and minimum anti oviposition effect ratios at 2.50% extract concentration were observed in C. cassia and R. officinalis as 43% and 25%, respectively.

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