Türk İşaret Dilinde Anlamsal Bağlantılığın ve Gösterimselliğin Sözlüksel Erişime Etkisi

İşaretlenen diller üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, sözlüksel önceleme etkilerine ve belki de insan dilinin doğasının ne olduğu konusundaki bilgiye doğrudan bir etki oluşturabileceğini işaret etmektedir. Sözlüksel erişimi inceleyen son çalışmalar, dilsel bilginin zihinsel sözlükçede nasıl yapılaştığı ve bu sözlükçeye nasıl ulaştığı hakkında detaylı bilgi sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise Türk İşaret Dilinde anlamsal bağlantılığın ve gösterimselliğin, sözlüksel erişim sürecine etkisi ve sözlüksel işlemleme hızı araştırılmaktadır. Katılımcılara SuperLab 5.0 programı yardımıyla birincil-gösterimsel hedef işaret çiftinden (örn. SİLGİ) oluşan ve ikinci işareti tanımayı amaçlayan çevrimiçi Sözlüksel Karar Testi uygulanmıştır. Birincil işaretler şu şekildedir: (i) gösterimsel ve anlamsal bağlantılı (örn. KALEMTRAŞ) (ii) gösterimsel olmayan ve anlamsal olarak bağlantılı (örn. ÖĞRENCİ) (iii) anlamsal olarak bağlantısız (örn. ÇATAL). Araştırmaya Türk işaret dili (TİD) anadili konuşucusu olan ve en az 10 yıldan beri günlük hayatında, Türkiye’deki Sağır toplumun parçası olan TİD ile bağlantısını olduğunu belirten 17 doğuştan sağır birey katılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, sözlüksel erişim sürecinde anlamsal bağlantılığın önemli derece kolaylaştırıcı etkisi olmasına karşın gösterimselliğin herhangi bir önceleme etkisini artırmadığını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gösterimsellik, sözlüksel erişim, anlamsal önceleme

Effects of Semantic Relatedness and Iconicity on Lexical Access in Turkish Sign Language

The study of signed language promises to have a profound effect on lexical priming effects, and perhaps ultimately on our understanding of the nature of human language. Recent studies on lexical access have given detailed information about how linguistic information is structured and accessed in the mental lexicon. In this study, the effects of semantic relatedness and iconicity on lexical access in Turkish Sign Language (TİD) and lexical processing speed were studied. Being composed of primer-iconic target sign, an online lexical decision task which aims to recognise target sign (e.g., plastıc-eraser) was applied to deaf participants via SuperLab 5.0. Prime signs were as follows: (i) iconic and semantically related (e.g., pencıl-sharpener) (ii) non-iconic and semantically related (e.g., student), or (iii) semantically unrelated (e.g., fork). 17 deaf, native TİD signers who are a part of Turkish deaf community for more than 10 years and who stated that they had daily contact with TİD took part in the study. The findings showed that semantic relatedness has significant facilitation effect on lexical access processing yet iconicity does not increase the priming effect.

Keywords:

Iconicity, lexical access, semantic priming,

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