TÜRK GAZETELERİNDE DARBE HABERLERİNİN ELEŞTİREL SÖYLEM ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ

Bu makale dört ulusal gazetede, darbeler açısından yakın Türkiye tarihinin iki önemli olayının (28 Şubat 1997 MGK Toplantısı ve Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’ne 2008’de açılan kapatma davası) ele alınış biçimlerini incelemektedir. Bu minvalde, makalenin amacı gazetelerin bu iki önemli olaydaki rollerini anlamaya çalışmaktır. Bu nedenle ilk olarak söz konusu sosyal sorunnun ve olayların arka planı açıklanacaktır. Konuyla ilgili haberlerden ve haber görsellerinden oluşan veri öncelikle dijital ortama aktarılarak bir derlem elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen derlem Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesinin önemli bir kolu olan Tarihi Söylem Yaklaşımı kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. İnceleme sonuçları her bir gazetenin kelime seçiminin ve söylem oluşturma şeklinin, gazetenin söz konusu olaya yönelik genel yaklaşımından bağımsız olmadığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak gazetelerin, özellikle 28 Şubat sürecinde, söz konusu sorunun güçlü gruplar tarafından yapılan tanımına kafa tutamayacak kadar kadar uysal oldukları gözlemlenmiştir. Daha önemlisi, çatışmanın iki farklı dünya görüşü arasında olduu kadar aynı dinin Türkiye’deki farklı algılanışları arasında cereyan ettiği görülmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türk gazeteleri, Türkiye, darbe, eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi, söylem tarihi yaklaşımı

CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF DISCOURSES ON AND AROUND COUP D’ÉTAT IN TURKISH NEWSPAPERS

This article seeks to critically analyse the discourse(s) of four Turkish dailies (Cumhuriyet, Hürriyet, Vakit and Zaman) on two significant political events, the National Security Council meeting on 28th February 1997 and the 2008 indictment case against the ruling Justice and Development Party, with a special focus on the recent 15th July 2016 coup attempt in the discussion. By doing so, the objective will be to understand the coverage of coup d’état by each newspaper. The historical significance of the social problem at stake, and the context of the events, will be delineated at the outset. The data consisting of images of pertinent news articles are digitalised and assembled into a corpus. The news corpus is analysed drawing on a specific Critical Discourse Analysis approach, namely the Discourse-Historical Approach. The findings have shown that the lexical selection and discourse formation of each newspaper is not independent of the agency’s attitude towards the events in question. As a result, the newspapers are found to be too acquiescent to challenge the definition of the problem independent of the powerful groups, particularly within the context of 28 February process. More importantly, the conflict seems to rage not in between two separate ideologies but over different understandings of the same religion, i.e. Islam.

Keywords:

Turkish newspapers, Turkey, coup d’état, critical discourse analysis, discourse historical approach,

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