Medyanın Küreselleşmesi: Neden-Sonuç Ekseninde Bir Değerlendirme

Çağımıza damgasını vuran kavramlardan biri olan küreselleşme, günümüzdeki toplumsal ilişkileri açıklamaya yönelik hemen her girişimin zorunlu referans noktası haline gelmiş bulunmaktadır. Enformasyon ve kültür alışverişini kolaylaştırıcı rolüyle medyanın küreselleşme sürecinin en önemli itici güçlerinden biri olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Aynı şekilde, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler insanlar ve farklı kültürler arasındaki iletişimi artırarak, toplumsal ilişkilerin yerel sınırları aşmasına katkıda bulunmuştur. Diğer taraftan, 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden bu yana medyanın sahiplik yapısında yaşanan değişim medya sektörünün küresel kontrolünün az sayıda dev medya şirketinin eline geçmesine neden olmuştur. Medya sahipliğinde çok uluslu şirketler lehine gerçekleşen yoğunlaşmayla birlikte medyada yaşanan küreselleşme süreci ve bu sürecin toplumsal yaşamda yarattığı etkiler konuyu iletişim bilimlerinin de önemli tartışma başlıklarından biri haline getirmiş ve bu konuda çok sayıda akademik çalışma yapılmasına yol açmıştır. Konuyla ilgili birikime katkıda bulunmak isteyen bu çalışmada, medyanın küreselleşmesine yol açan temel faktörler ve medyanın küreselleşmesinin siyasal, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel sonuçları tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Medya, küreselleşme, ekonomi, siyaset

Globalisation of media: an evaluation based on causes and consequences

As a concept setting its mark on the current era, globalisation has become an essential reference point of almost all attempts describing the social relationships today. It is generally accepted that due to its function as a facilitator of information and culture exchange, the media is one of the major drivers of the globalisation process. Further, developments in the information and communication technologies have intensified the communication between people and different cultures, and thus, helped social relationships cross local borders. On the other hand, the media ownership in the world has changed since the last quarter of the 20th century, which resulted in the domination of few giant media corporations in the global media. The globalization of media with the effect of concentration of media ownership in favour of multinational corporations and its impact on the social life have been a major topic of discussion in the media and communication studies and caused a lot of academic research to be conducted on the topic. This article, which intends to contribute to the scholarship on the topic, discusses the factors leading to, and the political, economic, social and cultural consequences of, the globalization of media.

Keywords:

Media globalisation, economics, politics, culture,

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