Cagatay CEYLAN, Oguz BAYRAKTAR, Erhan ATCİ, Şahin SARRAFİ

PEKTİN KAYNAĞI OLARAK TAZE BÜTÜN ENGİNAR VE ENGİNAR KONSERVE ATIĞI

Bu çalışmada taze enginar (gövde, tabla ve yenilebilir yaprak) ile konserve enginar endüstrisinde çıkan atığın pektin içerikleri incelenmiştir. En yüksek pektin içeriği % 6.42 olarak taze enginarin gövde kısmında bulunmuştur. Pektin içeriğine ek olarak en yüksek anhidrogalakturonik asit ve anhidrouronik asit miktarları da gövde kısmında bulunmuştur. Tabla ve yenilebilir yaprak kısımlarında ise pektin verimi sırasıyla % 5.31 ve % 4.55 olarak bulunmuştur. En düşük pektin verimi % 4.43 ile endüstriyel atıktan elde edilmiştir. En yüksek kül içeriğine (% 5.65) ek olarak en düşük anhidrouronik asit miktarı (% 73.28) en yüksek safsızlığın endüstriyel atık suyunda olduğunu göstermektedir. Gövde, tabla ve yenilebilir yaprak kısımlarındaki esterleşme derecesi sırasıyla % 55.26, % 52.26 ve % 56.71 olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu yüzdeler yüksek metil esterleşmiş pektin olduğunu göstermektedir. % 46.02 ile en düşük esterleşme derecesi endüstriyel atıktan elde edilmiştir. FTIR sonuçlarına göre asit prosesiyle pektinin yapısal özelliklerinin değiştiği ve endüstriyel atıklarda daha yüksek metoksil içeriği ve daha yüksek esterleşme derecesi elde edildiği gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Enginar, pektin, endüstriyel atık, FTIR

EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PECTIN FROM FRESH GLOBE ARTICHOKE AND CANNED ARTICHOKE WASTE

The pectin contents of fresh globe artichoke (stem, receptacle, and bract) and waste of artichoke canning industry were investigated. The highest pectin amount was found in the stem part of fresh globe artichoke (6.42%) with the highest amount of anhydrogalacturonic acid (AGA) and anhydrouronic acid (AUA) content. The pectin yields of receptacle and bract parts were found to be 5.31 and 4.55%, respectively. The pectin yield from the industrial waste was the lowest, 4.43%. The highest ash content (5.65 %) along with the lowest anhydrouronic acid amount (73.28%) indicated the lowest purity for the industrial waste. The degrees of esterification for the pectin obtained from the stem, receptacle and bract parts were 55.26%, 52.26%, and 56.17%, respectively indicating the presence of high methyl-esterified (HM) pectin. The pectin from the industrial waste had the lowest degree of esterification (46.02%). The FTIR results indicated that acid processing affected the structural properties of pectin from the industrial waste with higher methoxyl content and esterification degree.

Keywords:

Globe artichoke, pectin, industrial waste, FTIR,

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