ISIRGAN OTU (URTICA DIOICA) SULU EKSTRAKTININ SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROVARLARININ BİYOFİLM OLUŞUMU ÜZERİNE ANTİMİKROBİYEL ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Salmonella gibi gıda kaynaklı patojenlerde antimikrobiyel direncin artması yol açacağı sağlık problemleri nedeniyle endişelendirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bitki özleri bilinen antimikrobiyellere önemli doğal alternatifler haline gelmiştir. Suda çözünür ısırgan otu ekstraktlarının 2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL, 6 mg/mL, 8 mg/mL, 12 mg/mL, 16 mg/mL ve 20 mg/mL konsantrasyonları ile eradikasyon etkisi, Newport, Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Virchow, Othmarschen ve Mikawasima dahil olmak üzere Salmonella enterica alt türü enterica serovarlarının önceden oluşturulmuş biyofilmleri ve yüzme hareketliliği in vitro olarak araştırılmıştır. Her serovar ile bulaştırılan ıspanakta, izolatların oluşturduğu biyofilm oluşumunun engellenmesi için 40 mg/mL konsantre ekstraktın etkin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, biyofilm oluşumundan sorumlu ana genler (yani rpoS, mlrA, ycfR, fimA, spiA ve csgA) bahsi geçen tüm izolatlarda taranmıştır. Buna ilave olarak, ekstrakt, Mikawasima ve Virchow serovarlarının yüzme hareketlerini önemli ölçüde azalttığı belirlenmiştir. En yüksek azalma sırasıyla in vitro ve ıspanakta 0.88 Log CFU/mL ve 2.00 Log CFU/cm2 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Salmonella, Isırgan otu, Antimikrobiyel etki, Biyofilm, yüzme hareketliliği

DETERMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF STINGING NETTLE (URTICA DIOICA) ON BIOFILM FORMATION OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA SEROVARS

Due to health concerns associated with the increase of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella, plant extracts have become important natural alternatives to known antimicrobials. The eradication effect of the water-soluble stinging nettle extracts with 2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL, 6 mg/mL, 8 mg/mL, 12 mg/mL, 16 mg/mL, and 20 mg/mL concentrations, on pre-formed biofilms and swimming motility of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars, including Newport, Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Virchow, Othmarschen and Mikawasima, was investigated in vitro. Degradation of biofilm formation on spinach inoculated with each serovar was ascertained within different exposure time of 40 mg/mL concentrated extract as well. Moreover, major genes responsible for biofilm formation (i.e., rpoS, mlrA, ycfR, fimA, spiA and csgA) were screened in these isolates. The extract significantly decreased swimming motilities of Mikawasima and Virchow serovars. The highest reductions were found as 0.88 Log CFU/mL and 2.00 Log CFU/cm2 in vitro and on spinach, respectively.

Keywords:

Antimicrobial effect , Salmonella, Biofilm, Stinging Nettle, swimming motility,

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