Hasan TANGÜLER, Hüseyin ERTEN, Turgut CABAROĞLU

Birada Bulunan Aroma Maddeleri

Birada bulunan aroma maddelerinin önemli bir kısmı alkol fermantasyonu sırasında mayalar tarafından oluşturulur. Kullanılan maya suşu ve fermantasyon koşulları oluşan aroma maddeleri üzerinde etkili olur. Bunun dışında, başlıca bira aroması kaynakları, kullanılan hammaddeler (malt, şerbetçiotu), fermantasyon öncesi uygulanan işlemler (kavurma, kaynatma) ve depolama koşullarıdır. Bu derlemede birada bulunan aroma maddeleri kimyasal yapılarına göre gruplandırılarak (yüksek alkoller, esterler, organik asitler, karbo¬nil bileşikleri, azotlu bileşikler, kükürtlü bileşikler) verilmiş ve oluşumları, miktarları ve algılanma eşikleri üzerinde durulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Bira, aroma maddeleri, bira kalitesi, yüksek alkol, ester, karbonil bileşikleri

Flavours in Beers (Turkish with English Abstract)

An important part of the aroma compounds found in beer is formed by yeast during alcohol fermentation. Yeast strain and fermentation conditions are effective on the aroma compounds. Apart from these, major sources of beer flavor, raw materials used (malt, hops), applications prior to fermentation (kilning, boiling) and storage conditions. In this review, the aroma compounds in beer are given by grouping according to their chemical structures (higher alcohols, esters, organic acids, carbonyl compounds, nitrogenous compounds, sulphur compounds) and are emphasized their formations, amounts and thresholds.

Keywords:

Beer, flavour compounds, beer quality, higher alcohol, ester, carbonyl compunds ,

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