Luvice ziti’li adlar, Likçe Ipresida ve Kaunosça Imbros

-ziti (=‘adam’) içeren Luvice kişi isimleri geç dönem hiyeroglif yazıtlarında görünmemektedir; en geç açık örnek Karkamış’da M.Ö. 975 yıllarına tarihlenmektedir. Bu isimler, ne Sofulardaki Pisidia yazıtlarında geçen -σητα ile yapılan isimlerde; ne Dağlık Kilikya, Isauria ve Pamphylia’nın doğu kısımlarındaki Yunanca yazıtlardaki -σητας ile yapılan isimlerde, ne de Pisidia ve Lykaonia’daki -σατης ya da Pamphylia’daki -σατας ile yapılan isimlerde devam etmiştir: *-ζιδις, ya da en azından *-σιδις, ve -σητα’daki η harfinin Luvice olmayan bir dile işaret ettiğini beklememiz gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle Karia ismi Músat’ın Luvice Muwaziti ile bir ilgisi yoktur ve hatta büyük ihtimalle Pisidce Μουσητα ile bile ilişkisi bulunmamaktadır. Bu ismi -at ile biten Karia isimleri ile karşılaştırmak daha iyi olacaktır.Tlos’tan ve Kyaneai’dan bilinen Likçe isim Ipresida Simena’dan ve büyük ihtimalle Tlos’tan bilinen Ἰμβρασίδης ile uyuşmaktadır ve bu ismin Yunan görünümde Luvi ismi Im(ma)raziti (bkz. Imbrasides: Ilias ve Aineis destanlarında baba ismi) olması tamamen olasılık dışıdır. Bu ismin Lykia’da kişi adı olarak kullanımı ve başka hiçbir yerde görünmemesi ismin bir tanrı adı olarak yeniden yorumlanmasıyla yeniden uyarlanmış olabilir, bkz. Iprehi: Tlos’ta da muhtemelen bir tanrı ismi (belki de Apollon’a denk). Likçe’de sadece sidi (muhtemelen “damat” anlamında), Luvice’de “koca” anlamındaki ziti- ile ilişki içerisindedir. Kaunos yakınındaki Imbros = Ölemez Dağı’nın tepesinde surla çevrili bir yerleşim vardır ve Kaunos yazıtlarında pek çok Imbroslu belgelenmiştir. Yerleşimin adı, bir Karca yazıtın başında Iβr olarak tespit edilmiştir; onu muhtemelen “demiurgos” yerini tutan Karca sözcük takip etmektedir. Yerleşimin ismi imb-r- olarak analiz edilmelidir, çünkü *imb- tek başına Karca βanol = Ιβανωλλις ve Lykia’daki Ιμβιαιμις ile belgelenmiştir. Bu nedenle bu ismin, tıpkı Likçe Iprehi ve Ipresida gibi, Luvice *im(ma)ra- = Hititçe gimra- ‘arazi’ ile bir ilişkisi yoktur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Luvice, Pisidce, Likçe, Karca, Luvice ziti-isimleri, Luvice olmayan σητα- ve σατη-isimleri, Karca Músat, Luvice *im(ma)ra-, Likçe. Ipresida ve Homeros ile Vergilius’taki Imbrasides, Likçe Sidi, Imbros (Kaunos yakınındaki dağ) = Karca Iβr, Likçe Iprehi

On the Extinction of the Luwian ziti-Names, on Lycian Ipresida and the Caunian Imbros

The Luwian personal names formed with -ziti ‘man’ did not survive into the later hieroglyphic inscriptions; the latest clear example is attested at Carchemish around 975 BC. They were not continued in the names formed with -σητα in the Pisidian inscriptions from Sofular, with -σητας in Greek inscriptions from Rough Cilicia, Isauria and the eastern margin of Pamphylia, nor those with -σατης in Pisidia and Lycaonia or -σατας in Pamphylia: We should expect *-ζιδις, or at least *-σιδις, and the η of -σητα points rather to a non-Luwian language. The Carian name Músat has therefore nothing to do with Luwian Muwaziti either, and probably not even with Pisidian Μουσητα: it would be better to compare it with other Carian names ending in -at.The Lycian name Ipresida in Tlos and Cyaneae corresponds to Ἰμβρασίδης in Simena and probably also in Tlos, and it is altogether improbable that this is the Luwian name Im(ma)raziti in Greek guise (see Imbrasides as a patronym in the Iliad and in the Aeneid). Its use as a personal name in Lycia and nowhere else may have been stimulated by its re-interpretation as a theophoric name, see Iprehi, probably a theonym (perhaps corresponding to Apollo), in Tlos too. In Lycian only sidi, probably ‘son-in-law’, corresponds to Luwian ziti- in the sense of ‘husband’.The mountain Imbros = Ölemez Dağ near Caunos has a walled settlement on top, and a remarkable quantity of Imbrians is attested in the inscriptions of Caunos. The name of the settlement is attested by Iβr at the beginning of a Carian inscription, probably followed by the Carian word for ‘demiurgos’. Its name should be analysed as imb-r-, because *imb-, alone is attested by Carian βanol = Ιβανωλλις and Ιμβιαιμις in Lycia. It has therefore nothing to do with Luwian *im(ma)ra- = Hittite gimra- ‘field’, just as Lycian Iprehi and Ipresida.

Keywords:

Luwian Pisidian, Lycian, Carian, Luw. ziti-names, non-Luw. σητα- and σατη-names, Car. Músat, Luw. im(ma)ra-, Lyc. Ipresida and Homeric-Vergilian Imbrasides, Lyc. Sidi, Imbros (the mountain near Caunos) = Car. Iβr, Lyc. Iprehi (prob. a god), Lyc.-Car. i,

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