Trans-karyofillen ve öjenol’ün akut toksisitesi ve hipoglisemik etkinliğinin diyabetik fareler üzerinde araştırılması

Amaç: Bu çalışmada trans-karyofillen ve öjenol moleküllerinin letal doz düzeyleri ile Eugenia caryophyllata (karanfil) uçucu yağının göstermiş olduğu hipoglisemik aktiviteden sorumlu olup olmadıklarının fareler üzerinde araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Çalışmada Balb/C ırkı fareler kullanıldı. Trans-karyofillen ve öjenol’ün letal doz düzeyleri probit analizi yöntemi ile hesaplandı. Hipoglisemik aktivite için sağlıklı ve diyabetli fareler kullanıldı. Farelerde diyabet oluşturmak için alloksan (150 mg/kg) periton içi yolla (i.p.) üç kez 48 saat arayla uygulandı. Sağlıklı fareler dört gruba ayrıldı (n=8). Gruplara serum fizyolojik (0.2 ml, i.p.), glibenklamid (3 mg/kg, oral), trans-karyofillen (0.2 ml/kg, ip) ve öjenol (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.) verildi. Diyabetli fareler altı gruba ayrıldı (n=8). Gruplara serum fizyolojik (0.2 ml, i.p.), glibenklamid (3 mg/kg, oral), trans-karyofillen (0.2 ml/kg, ip), trans-karyofillen (0.4 ml/kg, ip), öjenol (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.) ve öjenol (0.4 ml/kg, i.p.) verildi. Açlık kan şekeri (AKŞ) ölçümleri uygulama öncesinde ve uygulamadan sonraki birinci, ikinci ve dördüncü saatlerde yapıldı. Veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Trans-karyofillen ve öjenol’ün LD50 düzeyleri sırasıyla 2.022 ml/kg ve 0.465 ml/kg olarak hesaplandı. Sağlıklı farelerde trans-karyofillen ve öjenol AKŞ düzeyini anlamlı seviyede etkilemedi. Diyabetli farelerde trans-karyofillen (0.2 ml/kg, ip), öjenol (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.) ve öjenol (0.4 ml/kg, i.p.) AKŞ seviyesini anlamlı olarak yükseltti. Trans-karyofillen (0.4 ml/kg) grubunda AKŞ’nin düştüğü gözlendi. Ancak bu etki serum fizyolojik grubundan farklı bulunmadı. Sonuç: Trans-karyofillen ve öjenol’ün sağlıklı farelerde AKŞ seviyelerini etkilemediği, diyabetli farelerde ise hiperglisemik etkili olduğu söylenebilir.

Evaluation of acute toxicity and hypoglycemic activity of trans-caryophyllene and eugenol on diabetic mice

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the lethal dose levels of trans-caryophyllene and eugenol, and to investigate hypoglycemic activity of Eugenia caryophyllata (clove) essential oil in mice. Methods: Balb/C strain mice were used in the study. The lethal dose levels of trans-caryophyllene and eugenol were calculated with probit analysis method. Healthy and diabetic mice were used for hypoglycemic activity experiments. Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) three times with 48h between the injections to induce diabetes in mice. Healthy mice were divided into four groups (n=8). The animals in these groups received isotonic saline (0.2 ml, i.p.), glibenclamide (3 mg/kg, oral), trans-caryophyllene (0.2 ml/kg, ip) and eugenol (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.). Diabetic mice were divided into six groups (n=8). The animals in these groups received isotonic saline (0.2 ml, i.p.), glibenclamide (3 mg/kg, oral), trans-caryophyllene (0.2 ml/kg, ip), trans-caryophyllene (0.4 ml/kg, ip), eugenol (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.) and other dose of eugenol (0.4 ml/kg, i.p.). Fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels were measured before the injections and 1h, 2h and 4h after the injections. The data were evaluated with one-way variance analysis. Results: LD50 levels of trans-caryophyllene and eugenol were 2.022 ml/kg and 0.465 ml/kg, respectively. Trans-caryophyllene and eugenol did not cause a statistically significant change in FBS levels in healthy mice. In diabetic mice, trans-caryophyllene (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.), eugenol (0.2 ml/kg, i.p.) and eugenol (0.4 ml/kg, i.p.) increased the FBS levels significantly. Trans-caryophyllene (0.4 ml/kg, ip) caused a decrease in the FBS levels. However, this change was not significantly different from that of the isotonic saline group. Conclusion: It is concluded that trans-caryophyllene and eugenol do not affect FBS level in healthy mice and cause hyperglycemia in diabetic mice.

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