İnsülin benzeri büyüme faktörleri (IGF): Egzersiz metabolizması ve kas dokusu üzerine etkileri

Amaç: Organizmanın büyümesi ve gelişmesi, hipotalamus- hipofiz ekseni boyunca büyümede etkili bir dizi hormon ve faktör tarafından regüle edilir. Bu derlemede IGF’nin, kemik ve kas metabolizması ve egzersize cevabı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ana bulgular: İnsülin benzeri büyüme faktörleri (IGF) somatik büyümede etkili olan, karaciğer ve birçok doku tarafından sentezlenebilen faktörlerdir. IGF-I ve IGF-II olarak iki önemli forma sahiptir. IGF-I daha çok postnatal, IGF-II ise intrauterin büyüme üzerinde etkilidir. IGF’ler serumda bağlayıcı proteinlere bağlanarak hedef organlara taşınır; 6 tane bağlayıcı protein tanımlanmıştır (IGF 1-6). Hücre membranında insülin reseptörü, Tip-I reseptörü ve Tip-II reseptörü olmak üzere 3 farklı reseptöre sahiptirler. Kemik ve kas gelişimindeki metabolik etkilerini parakrin ve otokrin mekanizmalar üzerinden gerçekleştirirler. Sonuç: IGF’nin kas dokusunda etkisi mekanik stresle (direnç egzersizleri) birlikte artar. Bundan dolayı kas kayıplarının önlenmesinde egzersiz etkin rol oynamaktadır.

The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs): Exercise metabolism and effects on muscle tissue

Objective: The development and growing up of organism was regulated by hormones and factors effective in growth along axis of hypothalamus- hypophysis. In this study, effects of IGFs were aimed to investigate on bone and muscle metabolism and its regulation and response to exercise. Main Findings: Insulin–like growth factors (IGFs) is synthesized by liver and many of tissue are effective in somatic growth. IGFs have two important forms as IGF-I and IGF-II. IGF-II is effective on intrauterine growth, whereas IGF-I is more effective on postnatal growth. IGFs binding proteins were transported to target organs. Six binding proteins have been defined (IGF 1-6). The binding proteins have three different receptor in cell membrane, insulin receptor; Type-I receptor and Type-II receptor. IGFs affected via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms on bone and muscle. Conclusion: The effect of IGF on muscle tissue increase with mechanic stress (resistance exercise). Owing to this condition, exercise plays an effective role on preventing muscle atrophy.

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