Organik Tütün (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Üretiminde Farklı Gübre Kaynakları ve Dozlarının Verim Üzerine Etkileri

Bu araştırma, farklı organik gübre kaynakları ve dozlarının Xanthi-2A tütün çeşidinde verim ve bazı kimyasal özelliklere etkisini belirlemek için Samsun-Bafra şartlarında 2 yıl olarak yürütülmüştür. 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında çiftçi arazisinde yapılan çalışma, 3 farklı organik gübre (OMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Kompostu, Yeşil Küre Tavuk Gübresi ve Biofarm), 4 dozda (0-500-1000-1500 kg/da), tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak tertiplenmiştir. İstatistiki analiz sonucunda yıllar arasında ki ilişki bitki boyu, yaprak sayısı, yaprak verimi ve nikotin oranında çok önemli olup, diğer özellikler bakımından önemsizdir. Gübre çeşitleri gövde çapı üzerine önemli ve indirgen şeker oranı üzerine çok önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Dozlar yaprak sayısı dışındaki tüm özelliklerde çok önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Yıl*doz interaksiyonunun ise gövde çapı ve indirgen şeker oranı üzerine önemli etkide bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Diğer tüm özelliklerin makul sınırlar içinde olması nedeniyle, nikotin oranı dikkate alınmış, %1.8–2.1 nikotin oranını sağlayan 950–1000 kg/da aralığında ki gübre uygulamasının piyasa talebini karşılar nitelikte olduğu saptanmıştır.

Effect of the Different Fertilizer Sources and Doses on Yield in Organic Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Production

This research was carried out to determine the effect of different sources and doses of organic manure on some chemical properties and fertility at Xanthi/2A tobaccos in Samsun-Bafra conditions in 2 years. The study at farmers' land in 2010 and 2011, three different organic fertilizer (Compost OMU Faculty of Agriculture, Yeşil Küre Chicken Manure and Biofarm), 4 doses (0-500-1000-1500 kg/da), based on randomized complete block design with 3 replicates were arranged. As a result of the statistical analysis, the relationship between the years is very important in terms of plant height, number of leaves, leaf yield and nicotine ratio but it is unimportant in terms of other features. Types of fertilizer had a significant impact on the size of the body and reducing sugar content. Doses had a significant impact in all specifications except for number of leaf. It was found out that year*dose interactions affected reducing sugar content and the size of body prominently. All other properties within reasonable limits, due to the rate of nicotine taken into account, the rate of nicotine which was 1.8-2.1% 950-1000 kg/da fertilizer application range, which was found to be able to meet the market demand.

___

  • Atalay, Y. 2007. The Effect of Different Fertilizers on the Mineral Contents of Some Vegetable Plants Grown in Organic Farming. Dumlupınar University Graduate School of Science Engineering and Tecnology, Master Thesis (unpublised). 69 p. Kütahya.
  • Azman, W.I.W. 1985. Effect of Fertilizer Rates on Agronomic and Chemical Compozation of Fluecured Virginia Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) in Peninsular Malaysia. Mardi Res. Bull. 13, 38
  • Aytac, S. ve Esendal, E. 1996. Effect of Nitrogen and Level of Topping on Yield and Some Quality Characteristics in Burley Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Turkey II. Field Crops Congress. 22– 25 Septmeber 1997. Samsun.
  • Cemeroglu, B. 1992. Basic Analysis Methods in Fruit and Vegetable Processing Industries. Chapter 17. Sugar Analysis. P.335–362. Biltav Publication. Ankara.
  • Camas, N., Karaali, H. ve Ozcan, H. 2007. Effect of the Different Fertilizer Doses on Yield, Quality and Technological Properties in Basmas Tobacco Genotype (Erbaa-Taşova). TTL Tobacco Industry and Foreign Trade Corporation Research Final Report (unpublised).
  • Camas, N., O. Caliskan, MS. Odabas, AK. Ayan, 2009. The Effects of Organic Originated Fertilizer Doses on Yield and Quality of Esendal Tobacco Cultivar. Turkey VIII. Field Crops Congress. 19-22 October 2009, p.251-254, Hatay.
  • Egilmez, O. 1988. Physical, Chemical, Smoke Analysis Methods for Tobacco and Cigarettes. Tekel Institute Publication. 28:134 p, İstanbul.
  • Esendal, E., N. Kandemir, N. Uslu, O. Ozdemir, 1989. Effect of Fertilizer on Yield and Quality in Basmas Tobacco. International Coresta Meeting. Çeşme-İzmir.
  • Gondola, I. 2002. Influence of Cropyear, N Fertilization and Genotype on the Variability of Some Agronomic and Chemical Properties of Burley
  • Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Novenytermeles, 51 (2):143–159. Hungary. Incekara, F. 1971. Industrial Crops and Breeding, Bind-4, Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publication, Number: 84. Bornova-İzmir.
  • Jung, S.H., J.K Hwang, SH. Son, 1982. The Analysis of Inheritance of Quantitive Characters with Oriental Tobacco Varieties in Diallel cross, I. Combinig Agabeylity and Degree of Heterosis in Single Crosses Among six Varieties of Oriental Tobacco. Coresta Inf. Bulletion. 3-4: 4932.
  • Lolas, P.C. 1976. Effects of Six Phosphorus Rates on Soil pH, Level of Available Soil Phosphorus, Plant Growth, Yield, Quality and Chemical Composition of Flue-Cured Tobacco. Releigh N. C. State Üniv. R.S. Thenesis Vol. 8 p. 80.
  • Otan, H. 1983. Tobacco. Aegean Agricultural Research Institute. Publication Number: 83. Menemen. İzmir.
  • Peksuslu, A. 1998. The Morphological Phsiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Some Turkish Tobacco Varieties in İzmir-Bornova Conditions. PhD Thesis (unpublised). Ege University Graduate School of Science Engineering and Tecnology. Bornova-İzmir.
  • Raab, T.K., N. Terry, 1994. Nitrogen Source Regulation of Growth and Photosynthesis in Beta Vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 105: 1159-1166.
  • Sekin, S. 1979. Tobacco Studies on Some of Methods of Analysis. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Agronomy. Agronomi Kürsüsü, Associated Professor Thesis (unpublised). İzmir.
  • Tasbasli, H., B. Zeytin, E. Aksoy, HM. Konuskan, 2003. General Principles of Organic Agriculture. T.C. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas. Presidency of Research, Planning, Coordination Association, 118 p. Ankara.
Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-2910
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 3 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1985
  • Yayıncı: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Yayın Ofisi