Transhümanizm ve Tekillik: Çağdaş Eserlerde Radikal Bir Perspektifin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

21. yüzyılın yeni bir edebi eğilimi, insanların hem geçmişini hem de geleceğini içine alan belirli bir düzeye ulaştı. Biz buna “transhümanizm” eğilimi diyoruz ve transhümanizm, insanın varlığını, tekillik ve ölümsüzlük fikirlerini birleştirmek için bilim ve teknolojiyi edebiyatın fantastik unsurlarının filtrelenmesi yoluyla birleştirmeye gayret eder. Üç çağdaş romanın seçimi, yani Cesur Yeni Dünya, Androidler Eletrikli Koyun Düşler Mi?, ve Transhümanist Bahis, transhümanizmin başlatılan hareketine literatürde bir bütünleştirme getiriyor. Bu nedenle, bu makalenin ilk amacı, seçilmiş çağdaş eserlerde, transhümanizmin temel mantığının nasıl oluştuğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu yüzden, yeni bir yaklaşım olduğu için, transhümanizmin farklı algılarının açıklanmasından sonra, eserlere transhümanist bir analiz uygulanacaktır. Bu metnin ikincil bir amacı, 21. yüzyıldaki tekillik ve ölümsüzlük fikrinin bedelinin ödenerek bu ebedi arzunun yolculuğunu sergilemektir. Bu özlemin eski çağlardan başlayarak kendi başına devam etmesi şaşırtıcı bir şey değildir, ancak bu arzunun kendini bilim ve edebiyat aracılığıyla sürdürdüğü ve tezahür ettiği şeylerden bahsetmek ise kayda değerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Transhümanizm, Tekillik, Ölümsüzlük, Sanal Gerçeklik

Transhumanism and Singularity: A Comparative Analysis of a Radical Perspective in Contemporary Works

A new literary tendency of the 21st century has reached a certain level where it encapsulates both the past and future of humans. We call this tendency ‘transhumanism’, and it endeavors to combine science and technology through the filtration of fantastic elements of literature to amalgamate the entity of man and the ideas of singularity and immortality. The choice of three contemporary novels, namely Brave New World, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? and The Transhumanist Wager brings a consolidation towards the initiated movement of transhumanism in literature. Therefore, in principal, the first aim of this article is to present how the basic logic of transhumanism embodied in the selected contemporary works. For this reason, a transhumanist analysis of works will be applied on them after an explanation of the different perceptions of transhumanism since it is a fresh approach. A secondary objective of this text is to redeem the idea of singularity and immortality in the 21st century to demonstrate the journey of this ever-lasting desire. The continuation of this longing from ancient times to our own is not something astonishing, but the way this desire maintains and manifests itself through science and literature is worth mentioning.

Keywords:

Tranhumanism, Singularity, Immortality, Virtual Reality,

PDF

___

Bostrom, N. (2016). Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dick, P. K. (2008). Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?: The inspiration for the films Blade Runner and Blade Runner 2049 (Kindle Edition ed.) [Kindle Version].
Griffin, A. (2015, October 09). Artificial intelligence is going to get so good that machines will kill us by accident, Stephen Hawking says. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/stephen-hawking-artificial-intelligence-could-wipe-out-humanity-when-it-gets-too-clever-as-humans-a6686496.html
Huxley, A. (1978). Brave New World. New York: Harper & Row.
Istvan, Z. (2013). The Transhumanist Wager (Kindle ed.) [Futurity Imagine Media LLC].
Kurzweil, R. (2005). The Singularity İs Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. New York: Viking.
Kurzweil, R. (2013). How To Create A Mind The Secret Of Human Thought Revealed. New York: Penguin.
Kropotkin, P. (2003). Anarchism. New York: Dover Publications.
Lewis, T. (2013, June 17). The Singularity Is Near: Mind Uploading by 2045? Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/37499-immortality-by-2045-conference.html
Livingstone, D. (2015). Transhumanism: The History Of A Dangerous Idea. S.l.: Sabilillah Publications.
Mind Uploading. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.minduploading.org/
Mumford, L. (2010). Technics and Civilization (University of Chicago Edition ed.). USA: The University of Chocago Press.
O’Connell, M. (2018). To be a machine: Adventures Among Cyborgs, Utopians, Hackers, And The Futurists Solving The Modest Problem Of Death. New York: Anchor Books.
Schneider, S. (Ed.). (2009). Science fiction and philosophy from time travel to superintelligence. Malden (Mass.): Wiley-Blackwell.
Sirius, R. U., & Cornell, J. (2015). Transcendence: The Disinformation Encyclopedia Of Transhumanism And The Singularity. San Francisco (CA): Disinformation Books.
Sloat, S. (2017, February 15). One Fifth of Readers Experience This Auditory Hallucination After Reading Harry Potter. Retrieved from https://www.inverse.com/article/27820-character-inner-voices-hermione-experiential-crossingWhat is Virtual Reality? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality/what-is-virtual-reality.html