Üç-Fazlı Dizel Emülsiyon Yakıtlarının Motor Performansı Ve Egzoz Emisyonlarına Etkisi

Dizel motorları düşük yakıt tüketimlerinden dolayı hem kara hem de deniz taşımacılığında yaygın şekilde kullanılmaktadırlar. Ancak dizel motorlarından kaynaklanan zararlı azot oksit (NOx) ve is emisyonları insan sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Dizel emisyonlarının azaltılabilmesi için pek çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Belirli oranlarda su içeren dizel emülsiyon yakıtları zararlı egzoz emisyonlarını önemli ölçüde azaltabilmektedirler. Bu nedenle emülsiyon yakıtlar son yıllardaki önemli araştırma alanlarından birisi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada % 10 (E1) ve % 15 (E2) su ihtiva eden dizel emülsiyon yakıtlarının motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonları üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak yakıtların elde edilmesinde su çözücü olarak % 1 oranında yardımcı emilgatör mono etilen glikol kullanılmıştır. E1 emülsiyonunun egzoz emisyonlarını kısmen azaltırken motor performansını da önemli ölçüde azalttığı belirlenmiştir. E2 emülsiyonunun kullanılmasıyla karbon monoksit (CO), NOx ve is emisyonlarında sırasıyla % 45,9, % 26,9 ve % 18,8 azalmıştır. Buna karşılık motor momenti % 15,72 azalmıştır.

___

  • Pulkrabek, W.W., “Engineering Fundamentals of
  • the Internal Combustion Engine”, Prentice Hall,
  • New Jersey, 2010.
  • Solmaz, H., Çelikten, İ., “Estimation of amount
  • of pollutants generated by vehicles in Turkey until 2030”, Gazi University Journal of
  • Science, 25, 2, 495-503, 2012.
  • Çelikten, İ., Mutlu, E., Solmaz, H., “Variation of
  • performance and emission characteristics of a
  • diesel engine fueled with diesel, rapeseed oil and
  • hazelnut oil methyl ester blends”, Renewable
  • Energy, 48, 122-126, 2012.
  • Alkaya, B., ve Yıldırım, M.A., “Taşıt Kaynaklı
  • Kirleticilerin Azaltılma Yöntemleri”, Ekoloji, 34,
  • -20, 2000.
  • Wang, H., Chen, C., Huang, C. and Fu, L., “Onroad
  • Vehicle Emission Inventory and Its
  • Uncertainty Analysis for Shanghai China”,
  • Science of The Total Environment, 398, 3, 60-
  • , 2008.
  • Nadeem, M., Rangkuti, C., Anuar, K., Haq,
  • M.R.U., Tan, I.B. and Shah, S.S., “Diesel Engine
  • Performance and Emission Evaluation Using
  • Emulsified Fuels Stabilized by Convenional and
  • Gemini Surfactants”, Fuel, 85, 2111-2119, 2006.
  • Aktaş, A., Sekmen, Y., “Effects of lpg percentage
  • to performance and exhaust emissions in a dual
  • fuel engine”, Journal of The Faculty of
  • Engineering and Architecture of Gazi
  • University, 25, 1, 171-178, 2010.
  • Çelikten, İ. Ve Gürü, M., “Improvement of
  • Performance and Emission Criterias of
  • Petrodiesel and Rapeseed oil Biodiesel With
  • Manganese Based Additive”, Journal Of The
  • Faculty Of Engineering And Architecture Of
  • Gazi University, 26(3): 643-648, 2011.
  • Çelikten, İ. ve Arslan, M.A., “Investigation Of
  • Diesel Fuel, Rape Oil and Soybean Oil Methyl
  • Esters Effects on a Direct Injection Diesel Engine
  • Performance And Emissions” Journal Of The
  • Faculty Of Engineering And Architecture Of
  • Gazi University, 23(4): 829-836, 2008.
  • Aktaş, A. ve Sekmen, Y., “The Effects Of
  • Advance Fuel Injection On Engine Performance
  • And Exhaust Emıssıons Of A Diesel Engine
  • Fuelled With Biodiesel”, Journal Of The
  • Faculty Of Engineering And Architecture Of
  • Gazi University, 23 (1), 199-206, 2008.
  • Hasimoglu, C., İçingur, Y., Özsert, İ., “Effect of
  • biodiesel usage to engine performance and
  • exhaust emissions of a turbocharged diesel
  • engine”, Journal of The Faculty of Engineering
  • and Architecture of Gazi University, 23, 1,
  • -213, 2008.
  • Çildir, O., Çanakçi, M., “An investigation of the
  • effects of catalyst and alcohol amounts on the
  • fuel properties of biodiesel from various
  • vegetable oils”, Journal of The Faculty of
  • Engineering and Architecture of Gazi
  • University, 21, 2, 367-372, 2006.
  • Özsezen, A.N., Çanakçi, M., “An investigation of
  • the effect of methyl ester produced from waste
  • frying oil on the performance and emissions of an
  • İDİ diesel engine”, Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi
  • University, 23, 2, 395-404, 2008.
  • Keskin, A., Gürü, M. ve Altıparmak, D.,
  • “Investigatıon Of 90% Blend Of Tall Oil
  • Biodiesel Fuel With Dıesel Fuel As Alternative
  • Diesel Fuel ”, Journal of The Faculty of
  • Engineering and Architecture of Gazi
  • University, 22 (1), 57-63, 2007.
  • Guru M., Koca A., Can O. and Çınar C., Şahin
  • F.,“Biodiesel Production from Waste Chicken Fat
  • Based Sources and Evaluation with Mg Based
  • Additive in a Diesel Engine”, Renewable
  • Energy 35, 637–643, 2010.
  • Usta N., Özturk E., Can O., Conkur E. Ş., Nas S.,
  • Çon A.H., Can A. Ç., Topçu M. “Combustion of
  • Biodiesel Fuel Produced from Hazelnut
  • Soapstock/Waste Sunflower Oil Mixture in a
  • Diesel Engine”. Energy Conversion and
  • Management, 46, 741-755, 2005.
  • Çelikten İ., Koca A., Arslan MA., “Investigation
  • of the Effects of Diesel Fuel, Rapeseed and
  • Soybean Oil Methyl Esters on Engine
  • Performance and Emissions at Different Injection
  • Pressures”, Renewable Energy, 35, 814-820,
  • -
  • Çelik, M.B., Balki, M.K., “The effect of lpg
  • usage on performance and emissions at various
  • compression ratios in a small engine”, Journal of
  • The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture
  • of Gazi University, 22, 1, 81-86, 2007.
  • Holmberg, K. and Lif, A.,“Water-in-Diesel
  • Emulsions and Related Systems”, Advances in
  • Colloid and Interface Science, 123, 231-239,
  • -
  • Swarbrick J, Rubino J, Rubi OP, "Coarse
  • Dispersions" Remington: The Science and
  • Practice of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences
  • in Philadelphia, s.316-334, 2000.
  • Lin C.Y, Chen L.W,“Comparison of Fuel
  • Properties and Emission Characteristics of Two
  • and Three-Phase Emulsions Prepared by
  • Ultrasonically Vibrating and Mechanically
  • Homogenizing Emulsification Methods”, Fuel
  • :2154–2161, 2008.
  • Hall D, Thorne C, Goodier S.,“An İnvestigation
  • into the Effect af a Diesel/Water Emulsion on the
  • Size and Number Distribution of the Particulate
  • Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine”
  • SAE paper no: 2003-01-3168; 2003.
  • Park J.W, Huh K.Y, Lee J.H.,“Reduction of
  • NOx, Smoke and Brake Specific Fuel
  • Consumption with Optimal Injection Timing and
  • Emulsion Ratio of Water-Emulsified Diesel”,
  • Proc Inst Mech Eng Part D J Automob
  • Eng;215:83, 2001.
  • Lin C.Y, Wang K.H.,“The Fuel Properties of
  • Three-Phase Emulsions as an Alternative Fuel for
  • Diesel Engines”, Fuel, 82(11):1367-1375, 2003.
  • Lin C.Y, Wang K.H.,“Effects of Diesel Engine
  • Speed and Water Content on Emission Characteristics of Three-Phase Emulsions”,
  • J.Env. Sci. Hea., Part A: Toxic/Hazardous
  • Substances and Env. Eng., 39(5): 1345-1359,
  • -
  • Lin C.Y, Wang K.H.,“Diesel Engine
  • Performance and Emission Chatacteristics Using
  • Three-Phase Emuslsions as Fuel”, Fuel, 83:537-
  • , 2004.
  • Samec N, Kegl B, Dibble R.W.,“Numerical and
  • Experimental Study of Water/Oil Emulsified Fuel
  • Combustion in a Diesel Engine”, Fuel,;81:2035-
  • , 2002.
  • Lin, C.Y, and Chen, L.W., “Emulsification
  • Characteristics of Three and Two-Phase Emulsions Prepared by the Ultrasonic
  • Emulsification Method”, Fuel Processing
  • Technology, 87: 309-317, 2006.
  • Tao, D. And Chen, G., “An Experimental Study
  • of Stability of Oil-Water Emulsion”, Fuel
  • Processing Technology, 86: 499-508, 2005.
  • Abu-Zaid, M.,“Performance of Single Cylinder,
  • Direct Injection Diesel Engine Using Water Fuel
  • Emulsions”, Energy Conversation and
  • Management, 45: 697-705, 2004.
  • Dec J.E.,“A Conceptual Model of DI Diesel
  • Combustion Based on Laser-Sheet Imaging”,
  • SAE paper: 970873, 1997.
Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-1884
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 4 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 1986
  • Yayıncı: Oğuzhan YILMAZ