Morfometrik parametreler yardımıyla havzada muhtemel taşkın riskinin tahmin edilmesi: Akçay Havzası örneği

Bu çalışmada Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde bulunan Akçay havzasında taşkın risk seviyesinin belirlenmesi ve mevcut Hidroelektrik Santrali (HES) konumunun değerlendirilmesi amacıyla havza, alt havzalara ayrılmış ve her bir alt havzaya ait morfometrik parametreler hesaplanmıştır. Bunun için ArcGIS 10.1 kullanılarak alt havzaların geometrik özellikleri, drenaj ağı ve Strahler yaklaşımına göre drenaj ağının mertebeleri belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra literatürde bulunan ve havzaları notlandırma için kullanılmakta olan yöntem modifiye edilerek alt havzaların potansiyel taşkın risklerine göre önceliklendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Yapılan alt havza önceliklendirilmesine göre Akçay Havzası’nda bulunan Yunuslar HES rezervuarının, yüksek risk potansiyeline sahip ve toplam drenaj alanının yaklaşık yarısını oluşturan alt havzayı kapsadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çıkış noktasında bir akarsu köprüsü bulunan ve en büyük drenaj alanına sahip alt havzada bir önlem yapısı yapılması, gerek köprünün gerekse havzanın taşkından etkilenme riskini azaltacağı öngörülmüştür. Daha az sayıda morfometrik büyüklük kullanılarak alt havzalarda meydana gelebilecek ani taşkın riski literatürde bulunan grafiksel yönteme göre de incelenmiş ve tüm alt havzaların potansiyel taşkın riski orta olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Akçay Havzası, ani taşkın risk tahmini; havza önceliklendirilmesi; morfometrik parametreler; Yunuslar HES

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