İNGİLİZ HUKUKUNDA HAKLI BEKLENTİ DOKTRİNİ*166 -Patere Legem Quam Ipse Fecisti

Bu çalışmada parlamento egemenliğini benimsemiş Anglo-Sakson hukuk dünyasında haklı beklenti doktrinin tanınma sürecinde yaşanan sancılar, bu doktrinin paradigması üzerinden tespit edilmiştir. Haklı beklenti doktrini ve idarenin takdir yetkisinin sınırlandırılmaması ikilemi, birbiriyle çelişir gibi görünen ancak tersine birbirini dengeleyen bir alan yaratmaktadır. İngiliz common law yargısı bugün haklı beklenti paradigmasını idarenin takdir yetkisinin denetiminde başvurduğu makullük ve orantılılık testiyle çözümlemektedir. Ancak bu çalışmada yargının haklı beklenti doktrinine yakın zamanda bu testlerden ayrı, idarenin yargısal denetiminde müstakil bir araç olarak başvuracağı iddia edilecektir. Zira bu testlerin sağladığı standart yargısal denetim, haklı beklenti taleplerinin karşılanmasında kamu yararının yarattığı “gri alanın” açıklığa kavuşturulmasına yardımcı olamamaktadır

THE DOCTRINE OF LEGITIMATE EXPECTATION IN ENGLISH LAW -Patere Legem Quam Ipse Fecisti

The “travail” of the recognition of the legitimate expectation doctrine is built upon its paradigm in this study. Hereunder, the legitimate expectation paradigm is based upon the dichotomy between the discretion of power and legitimate expectations. Anglo-Sakson common law world seeks to assess this complex dichotomy by means of Wednesbury unreasonableness and proportionality test applied for the judicial review of the discretion of power for now. However, it is pointed out that the clear distinction of the legitimate expectation doctrine shall eventually separate from these tests and apply per se under the definition of legitimate expectation or another-called tests. This is because these two tests do not propose efficient judicial review in assessing the “grey zone” created by public interest in public law.

___

AHMED Farrah, PERRY Adam, “The Coherence of the Doctrine of Legitimate Expectations”, CLJ, S. 73, Mart 2014, ss. 61-85.

BALDWIN Rebecca and HORNE, D. “Expectations in a Joyless Landscape”, MLR, S. 49, 1986, ss. 685.

BARAK-EREZ Daphne, “The Doctrine of Legitimate Expectations and the Distinction between the Reliance and Expectation Interests”, ERPL, S. 11, C. 4, 2005, ss. 583- 602.

BINGHAM Sir Thomas, “There is a World Elsewhere’: The Changing Perspectives of English Law”, ICLQ, S. 41, 1992, ss. 513.

BLUNDELL David, “Ultra Vires Legitimate Expectations”, JR, S. 41, 2005, ss. 147.

BLUNDELL David, Judicial Review: Legitimate Expectation (Insight), Westlaw UK, 25.08.2018, http://www.westlaw.co.uk, Erişim Tarihi: 20.12.2018).

BOZ Selman Sacit, İdare Hukukunda Haklı Beklentilerin Korunması, Seçkin, Ankara, 2017.

BÜLBÜL Erdoğan, İdari İşlemlerin Yürürlükten Kaldırılması, Beta, İstanbul, 2010.

CANE Peter, Administrative Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2011.

CLAYTON Richard, “Legitimate Expectations, Policy, and The Principle of Consitituency”, Cambridge Law Journal, S. 62 (1), 2003, ss. 93-105.

CRAIG Paul, Administrative Law, Sweet and Maxwell, 6. Basım, 2010.

CRAIG Paul, “Legitimate Expectations Conceptual Analysis”, LQR, S.108, ss. 1992, ss.79.

CRAIG Paul, SCHØNBERG, Søren, “Substantive Legitimate Expectations After Coughlan”, Public Law Winter, Sweet and Maxwell Ltd., 2000.

EDİS Seyfullah, Medeni Hukuka Giriş ve Başlangıç Hükümleri, AÜHF Yayınları, 6. Bası, Ankara, 1997.

ELLIOT Mark, “Legitimate Expectation Substantive Dimension”, Cambridge Law Journal, S. 59, 2000, ss.421.

ELLIOT Mark, “Legitimate Expectation and Search for Principles, Reflections on Abdi&Nadarajah”, JR, S.11, 2006, ss.281.

DWORKIN Ronald, Freedom’s Law: The Moral Reading of American Constitution, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999.

FORSYTH Christopher F., “The Provenance and Protection of Legitimate Expectations”, 47 CLJ, S. 47, 1988, ss. 238.

FORSYTH Christopher F., “Legitimate Expectations Revisited”, JR, S. 16, 2011, ss.429.

GÖZLER Kemal, İdare Hukuku Cilt I, Ekin Yayınevi, Bursa, 2009.

GÖZÜBÜYÜK Şeref, TAN Turgut, İdare Hukuku II, Turhan Yayınevi, Ankara, 2016.

GİŞİ Selçuk, Haklı Beklentilerin Korunması İlkesi, Onikilevha, İstanbul, 2017.

HADFEILD B., “Judicial Review and the Concept of Legitimate Expectations” NILQ, S. 39, 1988, ss. 103.

HARLOW Carol, RAWLINGS Richard, Law and Administration, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2009.

HART Herbert Lionel Adolphus, The Concept of Law, 3. Bası, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012.

HAYEK Friedrich A., The Constitution of Liberty, Routledge, London 1960.

HILSON Chris, “Policies, the Non-Fetter Principle and the Principle of Substantive Legitimate Expectations: Between a Rock and Hard Place?’, JR S.11, 2006, ss. 289.

HLOPHE John, ‘Legitimate Expectation and Natural Justice: English, Australian and South African Law’, South African Law Journal, S. 104, 1987, ss.165.

JONES David Philliphe, “A Comment on Legitimate Expectations and the Duty to Give Reasons in Administrative Law”, Alberta Law Review, S. 25/3, ss. 512.

KAYA Cemil, İdarenin Takdir Yetkisi ve Yargısal Denetimi, Oniki Levha, 2.Bası, İstanbul 2014.

KOLINSKY Daniel, “A Legitimate Expectations of a Succesful Challenge”, JR, S.17 2012, ss.161.

LEYLAND Peter, GORDON Anthony, Textbook on Administrative Law, 8th Bası, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

NOLTE George, ‘General Principles of German and European Administrative Law: A Comparison in Historical Perspective’ M.L.R, S. 57, 1994, ss.191.

OĞURLU Yücel, Kazanılmış Haklara Saygı ve Haklı Beklentiler Sorunu, Seçkin Yayınevi, Ankara 2003.

ÖRÜCÜ Esin, The Enigma of Comparative Law Variations on a Theme fort he Twenty First Century, Springer, Leiden 2004.

PANDYA Abhijit PG, “Legitimate Expectations in English Law”, JR S.14, 2009, ss.170.

RAZ Joseph, “Promises and Obligations”, in Law, Society and Morality, Essays in honour of H. L. A. Hart, edited by P. M. S. Hacker and J. Raz, Oxford, 1977.

ROBERTSON Aidan, Book Review: Schonberg, Legitimate Expectations in Administrative Law, JR S.6, 2001, ss.67.

ROBERTS Melaine, “Public Law Representations and Substantive Legitimate Expectation”, Modern Law Review S.64, January 2001, ss.112.

SALES Philip, “Legitimate Expectations”, 11 Judicial Review 186, 2006.

SEZGİNER Murat, İdari İşlemlerde Amaç Unsuru Bakımından Hukuka Aykırılık, Doktora Tezi, Ankara 1991, YÖK Tez Merkezi, https:// tez.yok.gov.tr/.

SCHWARZE Jurgen, European Administrative Law, Sweet & Maxwell, London, 1992.

SCHØNBERG Søren, Legitimate Expectations in Administrative Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

SMITH De Woolf and Jowell, Judicial Review of Administrative Action, Sweet & Maxwell, London, 1995.

SULLIVAN Roger J., Immanuel Kant’s Moral Theory, Cambridge University Press, 1989.

STEEL I., “Substantive Legitimate Expectations Striking the Right Balance”, LQR S. 121, 2005, ss.300.

TAN Turgut, İdare Hukuku, Turhan Yayınevi, 7. Bası, Ankara, 2017.

THOMAS Robert, Legitimate Expectations and Proportinality in Administrative Law, Hart Publishing, Oxford, 2000.

WATSON Jack, “Clarity and ambiguity: a new approach to the test of legitimacy in the law of legitimate expectations”, Legal Studies, S. 30/4, 2010, ss. 633–652.

WILLIAMS Rebecca, “The Multiple Doctrines of Legitimate Expectations”, LQR, S. 132, 2016, ss. 639-663.

WILKEN Sean, GHALY, Karim The Law of Waiver, Variation and Estoppel, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012.

The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy, http://www.oxfordindex.oup.com, (Erişim Tarihi:15.01.2019)

YAYLA Yıldızhan, “Maksat Unsuru, Takdir Yetkisi ve Anayasa Mahkemesi, Kronik”, Ayrı Bası, İstanbul, İstanbul Hukuk Fakültesi Mecmuası, C: XXX, No: 3-4, 1965.

YAYLA Yıldızhan, İdare Hukuku, Beta, İstanbul 2010.