Kepek katkılı ekstrüde mısır çerezinin besleyicilik ve fonksiyonel özelliklerinin araştırılması

Mısır çerezleri en yaygın üretilen ve tüketilen çerez gıdalardandır. Mısır irmiği kullanılarak üretilen ekstrüde çerezlerin besleyicilik ve fonksiyonel özellikleri oldukça zayıftır. Bu çalışmada ekstrüde mısır çerezi üretiminde buğday kepeği kullanımının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla ürünün fiziksel özellikleri (sertlik, kırılganlık, gevreklik, genleşme oranı, görünür yoğunluk ve gözeneklilik) dikkate alınarak Merkezi Kompozit Tasarımı - Yanıt Yüzey Metodu (MKT-YYM) yaklaşımıyla ekstrüzyon şartları optimize edilmiş (nem içeriği %14, kalıp sıcaklığı 120 °C, kepek: mısır irmiği oranı %10, mısır nişastası: kepek + mısır irmiği oranı %10) ve doğrulama çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Daha sonra karışımın kepek oranı %10’dan %22’ye kademeli olarak artırılarak 4 farklı ürün elde edilmiştir. Optimum şartlarda üretilen (%10 kepek) ve kepek oranı kademeli olarak artırılarak üretilen (%13, 16, 19 ve 22 kepek) toplam 5 ürünün kimyasal bileşimleri (nem, protein, yağ ve kül) ve besleyicilik özellikleri (fitik asit, diyet lifi, toplam fenolik madde ve toplam antioksidan kapasite) belirlenmiştir. Optimize edilen oranda (%10) kepek ilavesi ekstrüde çerezlerin fiziksel özelliklerini olumlu etkilerken, kepek katkılama oranının artması ürünlerin fiziksel özelliklerini kısmen zayıflatmıştır. Kepek katkı oranı yükseldikçe ekstrüde mısır çerezlerinin besleyicilik ve fonksiyonel özellikleri önemli düzeyde artmıştır.

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