İnsanın Kimlik İnşasında Maddi Bir Varlık Olarak Boncuk

İnsanoğlu, yeryüzünde önceden var olan maddelerin yanı sıra sanat ve zanaat becerisi ile ürettiği maddeler aracılığıyla kültür ve medeniyet inşa etmiştir. Boncuk, tarih öncesi dönemin insan ve maddeler arasındaki ilişkisine ışık tutan hacmi küçük fakat etkisi derin bir objedir. İlk izleri MÖ 100.000-75.000’lere kadar uzanan boncuk, genel anlamda insanlık tarihinin kültürel gelişimini, sosyal, ekonomik ve zihinsel alanlarını yorumlamada önemli bir unsurdur. Çalışmanın amacı maddenin insanın kimlik inşasındaki rolünü boncuk üzerinden yorumlamaktır. Çalışmada evvela tarih öncesi döneme ait din, dil, gelenek, statü, cinsiyet, ekonomi, ticaret, sanat, teknoloji ve sosyalleşme alanlarında boncuğun rolü ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra insan hayatını farklı alanlardan kuşatan boncuğun insanın kimlik inşa sürecindeki etkisi ele alınmıştır. Boncuk, insan kimliği üzerinde etkisi olan en kadim nesnelerden biri olduğu gibi en eski takı örneklerindendir. Boncuk, takı eşyası olma vasfına ilaveten, soyut pek çok anlam taşıyarak insanın bireysel ve sosyal kimliklerini ortaya koyan bir objeye dönüşmüştür. Bu çalışmada, nitel/tarihsel bir yaklaşımla kaynak taraması yöntemi kullanılarak boncuk üzerine yazılmış kaynaklar analiz edilmiştir. Kaynak taramasına ek olarak arkeolojik kazı sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler, antropolog ve arkeologların boncuk üzerine yapmış oldukları farklı tespitler değerlendirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

insan, madde, takı, kimlik, boncuk

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