Yoksul ülkelerde dış borçların sürdürülebilirliği ve uluslararası girişimler: Ağır borç yükü altındaki yoksul ülkeler (HIPC) inisiyatifi

Gelişmekte olan ülkeler (GOÜ’ler) için borç yükünü hafifletme ve sürdürülebilir borç yönetimi konuları uluslararası platformda çeşitli düzeylerde ele alınmaktadır.Özelikle en düşük gelir grubunda yer alan Üçüncü Dünya Ülkeleri için bu bağlamda en önemli girişim IMF ve Dünya Bankası tarafından 1996 yılında uygulamaya konulan Ağır Borç Yükü Altındaki Yoksul Ülkeler (HIPC) İnisiyatifidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu inisiyatif bağlamında alt gelir grubundaki ülkelerde dış borçlar ve borç yönetimi konusunun değerlendirilmesidir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, halihazırda 40 ülkeyi kapsayan söz konusu İnisiyatifin uygulandığı ülkelerde başarılı sonuçlar verdiği, bu ülkelerin borç yükünün hafifletilmesinde önemli rol oynadığı söylenebilir. Fakat söz konusu ülkeler için politik ve kurumsal çerçevenin güçlendirilmesi uzun vadeli bir sorun olarak varlığını hâlâ sürdürmektedir.Bu nedenle, dış borçların yeniden yapılandırılması ve sürdürülebilir düzeylerde tutulmasına dönük mekanizmaların iyileştirilmesi yönünde çok güçlü çabalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Sustainability of external debts in poor countries and international initiatives: Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) initiative

The subjects of sustainable debt management and lessening debt burden of developing countries have been discussed in various levels in international arena.Particularly for third world countries in the lowest income level group, the most important initiative has been Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative carried out by IMF and World Bank in 1996. The purpose of this study is to examine foreign debts and debt management issues in the countries of low income group at the context of Initiative in question. The findings show that this initiative that covers 40 countries today has given successful results and played an important role in lessening the debt burden of these countries. However, the problem of strengthening the political and institutional framework of these countries still exists as a long term issue. Therefore, it needs more effective attempts to improve mechanisms towards restructuring external debts and holding them in sustainable levels.

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