Metal Nanopartiküller Aracılığıyla, Capsicum annuum L.’nin Gen Ekspresyonu ve Fizyolojik Parametreleri Üzerindeki Değişiklikler

Amaç: Nanopartiküllerin bitkiler tarafından alınması ve biriktiril-mesi, bu bitkilerin insanlar tarafından tüketilmesi durumunda in-san sağlığı için potansiyel bir tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, nAl2O3 ve nZnO'nun Capsicum annuum L. (biber)'in çimlenmesi, kök büyümesi ile aquaporin ve dehidrin genlerinin ekspresyon seviyeleri üzerindeki potansiyel yararlı veya inhibe edici etkilerinin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Biber tohumlarının çimlenmesi için farklı konsantrasyonlarda (0,5, 2,5 veya 5,0 mM) nAl2O3 ve nZnO kullanıl-mıştır. Nanopartikül uygulanmış biber bitkilerinde iyon içeriklerini belirlemek için, ICP-MS analizi yapılmıştır. Aquaporin ve dehidrin gen ekspresyonlarının seviyeleri ise kantitatif ters transkripsiyon polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (qRT-PCR) ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Nanopartikül uygulamasının biber çimlenmesi üzerinde etkisi tespit edilmemiştir. nAl2O3 uygulamaları kök gelişimini değiştirmezken, yüksek nZnO konsantrasyonları kök uzunluğunu ve kök sayısını olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Köklerdeki aquaporin ve dehidrin gen ekspresyonu, özellikle 0,5 mM nZnO uygulaması ile artmıştır. nAl2O3 uygulanan kök ve gövdelerde ise dehidrin gen ekspresyonu azalmıştır.Sonuç: Gen ekspresyon ve büyüme parametrelerindeki değişiklikler, özellikle nZnO'nun biber bitkileri için potansiyel olarak fitotok-sik olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, ekspresyon analizi, test edilen genlerin nanopartikül bazlı abiyotik strese yanıt olarak rol oynaya-bileceğini önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Aquaporin, dehydrin, nanopartikül, nAl2O3, nZnO, çimlenme

Metal Nanoparticles-Mediated Changes on Gene Expressions and Physiological Parameters of Capsicum annuum L.

Objective: The uptake and accumulation of nanoparticles by plants create a potential threat for human health in cases where humans consume the plants. The aim of the study was to analyze the potential beneficial or inhibitory effects of nAl2O3 and nZnO on Capsicum annuum L. (pepper)'s germination, root growth, and expression levels of aquaporin and dehydrin genes.Material and Method: Different concentrations (0.5, 2.5, or 5.0 mM) of nAl2O3 and nZnO were used for the germination of pepper seeds. ICP-MS analysis was performed to determine ion contents in nanoparticle-treated pepper plants. Levels of aquaporin and dehy-drin gene expressions were analyzed by quantitative reverse-tran-scription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: The pepper germination was not affected by nanoparticle applications. While nAl2O3 treatments did not change root growth, higher concentrations of nZnO negatively affected root length and root number. In particular, the application of 0.5 mM nZnO signifi-cantly upregulated aquaporin and dehydrin gene expressions in roots. Downregulation of dehydrin gene expression occurred in stems and roots after exposure to nAl2O3 treatments.Conclusion: The gene expression alterations and changes of growth parameters showed especially nZnO have potentially phy-totoxic for pepper plants. Moreover, expression analysis suggested that the tested genes may play roles in response to the nanoparti-cle-based abiotic stress

Keywords:

Aquaporin, dehydrin nanoparticles, nAl2O3, nZnO, ger-mination, Capsicum annuum L., pepper,

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