Raisa MUKABENOVA,
Saglara MANDZHİEVA,
Vishnu D. RAJPUT,
Aleksey BULUKTAEV,
Inna ZAMULİNA,
Altana ADYANOVA,
Nikita DZHİMBEEV,
Vasiliy SAYANOV,
Sudhir S. SHENDE,
Anatoly BARAKHOV,
Svetlana SUSHKOVA
329343
Assessment of soil properties and trace element accumulation in arid regions: A case study of Kalmykia's central dry steppe zone, Russia
Assessment of soil properties and trace element accumulation in arid regions: A case study of Kalmykia's central dry steppe zone, Russia
Soil plays a pivotal role in ecosystem health and agricultural productivity. This study focuses on a critical region for soil research, Kalmykia's central dry steppe zone in southern Russia, characterized by arid conditions and unique challenges. Our investigation aimed to evaluate the current state of soil properties and assess trace element accumulation within this environment. The region's distinctive characteristics, including being home to Europe's first desert, present a complex scenario for soil conservation and management. A thorough analysis of key physicochemical properties, including organic matter content, soil texture, pH levels, and the concentrations of trace elements (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Pb) using established methodologies, was conducted. Our findings revealed several crucial insights into the soil conditions of this arid region. Soil samples predominantly consisted of Haplic Kastanozems Sodic, characterized by low organic carbon content (0.3-1.9%). Soil texture analysis indicated a predominantly light and medium loamy granulometric composition with a prevalence of sandy fractions. Soil pH values ranged from neutral (pH = 7.6-7.9) to slightly alkaline (pH = 8.0-8.4). Furthermore, the study provided the first assessment of soil conditions in residential areas of the Caspian Lowland's arid region. Notably, trace element analysis showed elevated concentrations of several metals, with Sr having the highest levels. Co, Cr, and Zn concentrations did not significantly increase compared to the background values. The results of this soil fertility evaluation hold significance for soil restoration and conservation efforts in this unique and fragile ecosystem. In conclusion, this study underscores the urgent need for soil monitoring and management practices to address soil degradation and desertification driven by overgrazing and erosion. Understanding the physicochemical properties and trace element dynamics in arid regions is essential for developing strategies to restore and conserve these valuable soils.
___
- Bakinova, T.I., Darbakova, N.E., Kazakova, G.Y., Sangadzhieva, S.A., Darbakova, I.E., 2019. Information support of monitoring as a tool of ecological optimization of agricultural land use. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 10(1): 195-201.
- Danchenko, N.N., Artemyeva, Z.S., Kolyagin, Y.G., Kogut, B.M., 2022. A comparative study of the humic substances and organic matter in physical fractions of haplic chernozem under contrasting land uses. Eurasian Soil Science 55(10): 1371-1383.
- Davidson, E.A., Trumbore, S.E., Amundson, R., 2000. Biochemistry: Soil warming and organic carbon content. Nature 408: 789-790.
- Dedova, E.B., Goldvarg, B.A., Tsagan-Mandzhiev, N.L., 2020. Land degradation of the Republic of Kalmykia: Problems and reclamation methods. Arid Ecosystems 10(2): 140-147.
- Degtyarev, K.S., 2019. Potential of renewable energy sources in the republic of Kalmykia. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Seriya 5: Geografiya (1): 75-82.
- Dordzhiev, A.A., Dordzhiev, A.G., Sangadzhiev, M.M., Rubeko, L.M., Onkaev, V.A., 2018. Salt composition of clay soils and its variation with long-term water filtration in republic of Kalmykia. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9(1): 130-135.
- Fedorova, N.L., Muchkaeva I.A., 2015. Vegetation dynamics of steppe ecosystems on the example of the Naintakhinsky CFR Tselinny district of the Republic of Kalmykia. Bulletin of the Institute of Complex Studies of Arid Territories 1(30): 25-33.
- Glazovskaya, M.A., 1999. Problems and methods of assessment of the ecogeochemical resilience of soils and the soil cover towards technogenic impacts. Eurasian Soil Science 32 (1): 99-108.
- Gurkova, E.A., Sokolov, D.A., 2022. Influence of texture on humus accumulation in soils of dry steppes of Tuva. Eurasian Soil Science 55(1): 90-101.
- ISO 10390:2005. Soil Quality – Determination of pH. Available at [Access date: 28.05.2022]: https://www.iso.org/standard/40879.html
- ISO 10693:1995. Soil Quality – Determination of carbonate content-Volumetric method. Available at [Access date: 28.05.2022]: https://www.iso.org/standard/18781.html
- ISO 13317–2:2001. Determination of particle size distribution by gravitational liquid sedimentation methods – Part 2: Fixed pipette method. Available at [Access date: 28.05.2022]: https://www.iso.org/standard/30663.html
- ISO 14235:1998. Soil Quality – Determination of organic carbon by sulfochromic oxidation. Available at [Access date: 28.05.2022]: https://www.iso.org/standard/23140.html
- ISO 18400-104:2018. Soil Quality — Sampling. Part 104: Strategies. Available at [Access date: 28.05.2022]: https://www.iso.org/ru/standard/65223.html
- Klimanov, A.V., Vorobyova, L.A., Novikova, A.F., Konyushkova, M.V., 2014. The nature of alkalinity in virgin and anthropogenically modified solonetzes of northern Kalmykia. Eurasian Soil Science 47(4): 266-275.
- Korte, N.E., Skopp, J., Niebla, E.E., Fuller, W.H., 1975. A baseline study on trace metal elution from diverse soil types. Water, Air, Soil Pollution 5(2):149-156.
- Lazareva, V.G., Bananova, V.A., 2018. Dynamics of anthropogenic desertification of the European desert on the example of Russian Precaspian region. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7(4): 309-313.
- Muev, B., Evieva, B., 2013. Production growth reserves in the livestock industry (on the example of JSC Sarpa of the Republic of Kalmykia). Oriental Studies 6(1): 126-130. [In Russian].
- Nemkeeva, V.V., Tertyshnaya, A.G., 2019. Arable lands of Kalmykia’s central southern zone: Soil-fertility conditions. In: Soil Fertility in Russia: Conditions, Trends, Prognosis. Sychev, V.G. (Ed.). Conference Proceedings. Russian Agrochemistry Research Institute, Moscow, Russia. pp. 225-232.
- Novikova, N.M., Volkova, N.A., Ulanova, S.S., Chemidov, M.M., 2020. Change in vegetation on meliorated solonetcic soils of the Peri-Yergenian plain over 10 Years (Republic of Kalmykia). Arid Ecosystems 10(3): 194-202.
- Okonov, M.M., Bakinova, T.I., Batyrov, V.A., Orosov, S.A., Shabanov, R.M., Dzhirgalova, E.A., Ubushaeva, S.V., Mandzhieva, A.N., 2021. Supply of nutrients of zonal soil subtypes and macronutrients balance in fodder crop rotation links on irrigation. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 868: 012082.
- Post, W.M., Peng, T.H., Emanuel, W.R., King, A.W., Dale, V.H., Angelis, D.L., 1990. The Global Carbon Cycle. American Scientist 78: 310–326.
- Sangadzhiev, M.M., Nastinova, G.E., Sadykova, A.Zh., Nikolaeva, G.V., Fazlyeva, G.A., 2021. Dust storms in Kalmykia. Moscow Economic Journal 10: 169-180.
- Sangadzhiev, M.M., Onkaev, V.A., Germasheva, Y.S., 2021. Analysis of palaeoecological factors in shaping modern landscape of Republic of Kalmykia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 666: 052013.
- Sangadzhiev, M.M., Tsathlangova, E.A., Sangadzhieva, S.A., Nuraeva, V.E., Sangadzhieva, A.A. 2018. Modern anthropogenic impact on desertification processes in the Republic of Kalmykia: an economic factor. Innovations and Investments, Scientific and Analytical Journal 2: 144-148.
- Sangadzhieva L.Kh., 2001. Trace elements in landscapes of Kalmykia and biogeochemical zoning of its territory. Ecological and Geographical Bulletion of the South of Russia 3(4): 54-63.
- SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. Hygienic Norms and Safety Requirements. 2021. Available at: [Access date: 28.05.2022]: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202102030022
- Semenkov, I.N., Konyushkova, M.V., 2022. Geochemical partition of chemical elements in Kastanozems and Solonetz in a local catchment within a semiarid landscape of SW Russia. Catena 210: 105869.
- Semenkov, I.N., Konyushkova, M.V., Klink, G.V., Krupskaya, V.V., Enchilik, P.R., Novikova, N.M., 2020. Data on the soil and vegetation properties at the small gully catchment area: Steppe region of Kalmykia Republic (South Russia). Data in Brief 40: 107746.
- Semenov, V.M., Ivannikova, L.A., Kuznetsova, T.V., Semenova, N.A, Tulina, A.S., 2008. Mineralization of organic matter and the carbon sequestration capacity of zonal soils. Eurasian Soil Science 41: 717–730.
- Shein, E.V., 2009. The particle-size distribution in soils: Problems of the methods of study, interpretation of the results, and classification. Eurasian Soil Science 42(3): 284-291.
- Shumova N.A., 2021. Quantitative climate indicators applied to the assessment of hydrothermal conditions in the Republic of Kalmykia. Arid Ecosystems 11(4): 327–336.
- Tashninova, L., 2015. The soil of the federal reserves of the Republic of Kalmykia in the new classification. Oriental Studies 8(2): 201-207. [in Russian].
- Vinogradov, A.P., 1962. Average values for chemical elements in main types of igneous rocks. Geokhimiya (Geochem-istry) 7: 555-571. [in Russian].