Cüneyt TAMER, Yüksel DURMAZ, Hasan Sercan PALANCI, Emre ÖZAN, Hamza KADI, Zafer YAZICI, Harun ALBAYRAK

Türkiye’deki Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında Enfeksiyöz Pankreas Nekrozu Virüsü (IPNV), Viral Hemorajik Septisemi Virüsü (VHSV) ve Enfeksiyöz Hematopoetik Nekroz Virüsü’nün (IHNV) Serolojik Olarak Araştırılması

Enfeksiyöz pankreas nekrozu (IPN), viral hemorajik septisemi (VHS) ve enfeksiyöz hematopoetik nekroz (IHN), salmonid türlerinin en önemli viral hastalıklarıdır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de yetiştirilen gökkuşağı alabalıklarında enfeksiyöz pankreas nekrozu virüsü (IPNV), viral hemorajik septisemi virüsü (VHSV) ve enfeksiyöz hematopoetik nekroz virüsü (IHNV) seroprevalansı incelenmiştir. Türkiye’nin Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz bölgelerinde bulunan 18 ticari alabalık çiftliğinden toplam 597 adet alabalığı kan serumu örneği alınmış ve daha sonra virüs nötralizasyon testi ile incelenmiştir. Test sonucunda VHSV ve IHNV antikorları tespit edilmedi. Ancak, IPNV antikorları 18 alabalık çiftliğinin 11’inde (%61,1) ve 597 serum numunesinin 45’inde (%7,5) bulundu. Türkiye’de kalıcı enfeksiyonlara neden olan üç viral ajan serolojik olarak tarandı. IPNV’ye karşı yüksek seropozitiflik oranı, yani asempomatik taşıyıcı yavru balıklarından kaynaklanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

: IHN, IPN, Serology, Trout, VHS, ALABALIK, Seroloji

A serological survey on ınfectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and ınfectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHVN) from rainbow trout in Turkey

Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN), viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) are the most significant viral diseases of salmonid species. This study examined the seroprevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout cultured in Turkey. A total of 597 serum samples of adult trout were obtained from 18 commercial trout farms in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea regions of Turkey and were then examined by the virus neutralization test. As a result of the test, VHSV and IHNV antibodies were not detected. However, IPNV antibodies were found in 11 of 18 trout farms (61.1%) and 45 of 597 serum samples (7.5%). Three viral agents characterized as causing persistent infections were serologically screened for the first time in Turkey. The high seropositivity rate against IPNV was namely caused by asympomatic carrier broodstock fish.

Keywords:

IHN, IPN, Serology, Trout, VHS,

PDF

___

Akhlaghi M, Hosseini A, (2007). First report on the detection of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) by RT-PCR in rainbow trout fry cultured in Iran. Bull Euro Ass Fish Pathol. 27(5), 205.
Albayrak H, Özan E, (2010). Gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) infeksiyöz pankreatik nekrozis ve infeksiyöz hematopoietik nekrozis virus enfeksiyonlarının varlığının araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 57, 125-129.
Albayrak H, Isidan H, Kalayci G, Ozan E, Vakharia VN, (2018). Genetic analysis of the complete G gene of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype Ie isolates from Turkey. Iran J Fish Sci. 17(1), 67-73.
Ammayappan A, LaPatra ES, Vakharia NV, (2010). A vaccinia-virus-free reverse genetics system for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. J Virol Methods. 167, 132-139.
Ammayappan A, Kurath G, Thompson MT, Vakharia NV, (2011). A Reverse genetics system for the Great Lakes strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus: the NV gene is required for pathogenicity. J Mar Biotechnol. 13, 672–683.
Candan A, (2002). First report on the diagnosis of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in Turkey. Bull Euro Ass Fish Pathol. 22(1), 45-48.
Crane M, Hyatt A, (2011). Viruses of Fish: An overview of significant pathogens. Viruses. 3, 2025-2046.
Darling JA, Boose AJ, Spaltro J, (1998). Virus Assay Methods: Accuracy and Validation. Biologicals, 26, 105-110.
Değirmenci U, Nemli E, Çağırgan H, (2008). Türkiye’nin değişik bölgelerinden infeksiyöz pankreatik necrozis virusu izolasyonu. I. Ulusal Alabalık Sempozyumu. Turkey. Isparta. November.
Einer-Jensen K, Harmache A, Biacchesi S, Bremont M, Stegmann A, Lorenzen N, (2014). High virulence differences among phylogenetically distinct isolates of the fish rhabdovirus viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus are not explained by variability of the surface glycoprotein G or the nonvirion protein Nv. J Gen Virol. 95, 307-316.
Gurcay M, Turan T, Parmaksız A, (2013). Türkiye’de Kültürü Yapılan Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) İnfeksiyöz Pankreatik Nekrozis Virus Varlığının Tespiti Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(1), 141-146.
Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı (GTHB), 2016. Su ürünleri istatistikleri 2016 yılı raporu, 1-12.
Hedrick RP, Batts WN, Yun S, Traxler GS, Kaufman J. Winton JR, (2003). Host and geographic range extensions of the North American strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus. Dis Aquat Organ. 55. 211–220.
ICTV, (2016). ICTV Master Species List 2016. Retrieved from https://talk.ictvonline.org/files/master-species-lists/m/msl/6776.
Işıdan H, Bolat Y, (2011). A Survey of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) in Turkey. Turk J Fish Aquat Sc. 11, 507-513.Işıdan H, Kutlu I, (2014). Viral Hemorajik Septisemi Virüs Genotip 1e Suşlarının Çipura (Sparus Aurata) ve Levrek (Dicentrarchus Labrax) Balıkları Üzerinde Patojenitelerinin Belirlenmesi. Yunus Araştırma Bülteni, 2, 49-53.
Jia P, Zheng CX, Shi JX, Shi-Fu KD, Jin-Jin WB, Jun-Qiang HE, Ning-Yi J, (2014). Determination of the complete genome sequence of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) Ch20101008 and viral molecular evolution in China. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 27, 418–431.
Kalaycı G, Incoglu S, Ozkan B, (2006). First isolation of Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) virüs from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) cultured in the Trabzon coastal area of the Black Sea in Turkey. Bull Euro Ass Fish Pathol. 26, 157-161.
Kalaycı G, Inçoğlu Ş, Özyer ÖB, Kucukali Y, (2012). Türkiye’de İnfeksiyöz Pankreatik Nekrozis ve Viral Hemorajik Septisemi Hastalıklarının Durumu. J of Bornova Vet Cont Res Inst. 34(48), 31-38.
Kima HS, Yusuff S, Vakharia NV, Evensen O, (2015). Interchange of L polymerase protein between two strains of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) genotype IV alters temperature sensitivities in vitro. Virus Research. 195, 203–206.
Nishizawa T, Kinoshita S, Kim WS, Higashi S. Yoshimizu M, (2006). Nucleotide diversity of Japanese isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) based on the glycoprotein gene. Dis Aquat Organ. 71, 267–272.
Nishizawa T, Savaş H, Işıdan H, Üstündağ C, Iwamoto H. Yoshimizu M, (2006). Genotyping and Pathogenicity of Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus from Free-Living Turbot (Psetta maxima) in a Turkish Coastal Area of the Black Sea. Appl Environ Microbiol. 72, 2373-2378.
Reed LS, Muench H, (1938). A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. J Tro Med. 27, 493-497
Rexhepi A, Scheinert P, Bërxholli K, Hamidi A, Sherifi K, (2009). Occurrence of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosıs Virus (IPNV) in Farmed Rainbow Trout (Onchorhynchus Mykiss) in Kosovo. Veterinaria. 58(1-2), 47-53.